Enhancing the Early Inflammatory Response: The Role of Ozonated Aloe Vera Oil on IL-6 and TNF-α in Cutaneous Wound Repair
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37275/bsm.v9i9.1380Keywords:
IL-6, Inflammation, Ozonated aloe vera oil, TNF-α, Wound healingAbstract
Background: Dysregulation of the initial inflammatory phase is a primary driver of impaired healing and the formation of chronic wounds, creating a critical need for therapies that can optimize this early response. This study tested the hypothesis that a novel formulation of ozonated aloe vera oil functions as a sophisticated bioregulator, promoting a beneficial, pro-regenerative inflammatory phenotype by transiently enhancing the host's innate repair signals.
Methods: This was a preclinical, randomized, controlled study using fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats with 1 cm full-thickness excisional wounds. The therapeutic agent, ozonated aloe vera oil, was chemically characterized by its peroxide value (PV). Animals were randomized to receive topical treatment with either a positive control (aloe vera oil), a negative control (gentamicin ointment), or one of three graded doses of ozonated oil (Low PV, Medium PV, High PV). The primary outcomes, systemic (serum) and local (wound tissue homogenate) concentrations of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were quantified by ELISA on days 3 and 7.
Results: On day 3, all ozonated oil formulations induced a profound and significant upregulation of both local and systemic TNF-α and IL-6 compared to controls (p < 0.001). The topical treatment increased systemic TNF-α levels by over 40% and local tissue concentrations by over 60%. Critically, this pro-inflammatory surge was transient; by day 7, both local and systemic cytokine levels in all groups had returned to statistically indistinguishable baseline levels.
Conclusion: Ozonated aloe vera oil acts as a potent, transient modulator of the wound microenvironment, enhancing the expression of key initiatory cytokines. This mechanism, likely mediated by the activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors, optimizes the crucial first phase of healing without inducing pathological chronic inflammation. This study supports a novel therapeutic paradigm aimed at enhancing, rather than suppressing, the body's innate capacity for repair.
Authors
- Evan Sebastian Gunawan1*
- Bernardus Parish Budiono1
- 1Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro/Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
Corresponding author Evan Sebastian Gunawan — evansgunawan@gmail.com
Article history
- Submitted
- Accepted
- Published
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
As our aim is to disseminate original research article, hence the publishing right is a necessary one. The publishing right is needed in order to reach the agreement between the author and publisher. As the journal is fully open access, the authors will sign an exclusive license agreement.
The authors have the right to:
- Share their article in the same ways permitted to third parties under the relevant user license.
- Retain copyright, patent, trademark and other intellectual property rights including research data.
- Proper attribution and credit for the published work.
For the open access article, the publisher is granted to the following right.
- The non-exclusive right to publish the article and grant right to others.
- For the published article, the publisher applied for the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
