The Role Protein Sonic Hedgehog in Carcinoma Basal Cell

Abstract

A B S T R A C T
Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (KSB) is a non-melanoma skin cancer (KKNM),
which is most commonly found compared to other skin cancers. KSB originates from
stem cells in the bulk of hair follicles or inter-follicular epidermis, through the Sonic
hadgehog (SHH) activation pathway, an increase in Sonic hadgehog (SHH) protein
expression, involving Patches protein (PTCH), smothened protein (SMO), in the form
of increased protein transcription activation Glia (GLI) in the nucleus, binds to DNA
to initiate tumor-aggressive growth and tissue. Objective: to determine the
relationship between Sonic hadgehog (SHH) expression and non-aggressive and
aggressive basal cell carcinoma. Methods: The study was carried out in an
observational laboratory with 35 primary KSB patients, the tissue was taken using
elliptic biopsy technique, made paraffin block specimens for histopathological
examination of the subtype of KSB consisting of 20 non-aggressive KSB patients,
namely nodular and superficial KSB; 15 patients with aggressive KSB were
pigmented KSB; Infiltrates KSB, micronodular KSB, metypical KSB (basosquamous
KSB) and SHH immunohistochemical (CPI) examination using SHH antibodies, in
the Anatomy Pathology section, FK Unsri / RSMH Palembang. The characteristics of
KSB patients were recorded, namely sex, age, occupation based on the length of
exposure to BC, namely exposure <3 hours / day, exposure 3-6 hours / day,
exposure ≥ 6 hours / day. The data were processed using the Statistical Analysis
Software Package (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM Corporation), tested with Pearson
correlation test and chi square test and presented in the form of diagrams, and
narrative tables. Results: Pearson's test showed a significant correlation between
the clinical features of KSB and the histopathologic features of non-aggressive and
aggressive types of KSB (p 0.020), there was a significant relationship between the
subtypes of histopathologic features of KSB with non-aggressive and aggressive
types of KSB (p 0.000), there was a significant relationship between strong SHH
expression and BCC aggressive compared to non-aggressive KSB, p 0.000 (p <05α),
and r = 732 Conclusion: There is a relationship between SHH expression and KSB
aggressiveness. The increase in strong SHH expression shows the aggressiveness of
KSB, SHH expression can be used as a biological gene target both as a prognostic
indicator and can be used as a target for treatment of aggressive KSB, especially in
the elderly.