Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Articles
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The Role Protein Sonic Hedgehog in Carcinoma Basal Cell
Views: 1,366Downloads: 425A B S T R A C T
Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (KSB) is a non-melanoma skin cancer (KKNM),
which is most commonly found compared to other skin cancers. KSB originates from
stem cells in the bulk of hair follicles or inter-follicular epidermis, through the Sonic
hadgehog (SHH) activation pathway, an increase in Sonic hadgehog (SHH) protein
expression, involving Patches protein (PTCH), smothened protein (SMO), in the form
of increased protein transcription activation Glia (GLI) in the nucleus, binds to DNA
to initiate tumor-aggressive growth and tissue. Objective: to determine the
relationship between Sonic hadgehog (SHH) expression and non-aggressive and
aggressive basal cell carcinoma. Methods: The study was carried out in an
observational laboratory with 35 primary KSB patients, the tissue was taken using
elliptic biopsy technique, made paraffin block specimens for histopathological
examination of the subtype of KSB consisting of 20 non-aggressive KSB patients,
namely nodular and superficial KSB; 15 patients with aggressive KSB were
pigmented KSB; Infiltrates KSB, micronodular KSB, metypical KSB (basosquamous
KSB) and SHH immunohistochemical (CPI) examination using SHH antibodies, in
the Anatomy Pathology section, FK Unsri / RSMH Palembang. The characteristics of
KSB patients were recorded, namely sex, age, occupation based on the length of
exposure to BC, namely exposure <3 hours / day, exposure 3-6 hours / day,
exposure ≥ 6 hours / day. The data were processed using the Statistical Analysis
Software Package (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM Corporation), tested with Pearson
correlation test and chi square test and presented in the form of diagrams, and
narrative tables. Results: Pearson's test showed a significant correlation between
the clinical features of KSB and the histopathologic features of non-aggressive and
aggressive types of KSB (p 0.020), there was a significant relationship between the
subtypes of histopathologic features of KSB with non-aggressive and aggressive
types of KSB (p 0.000), there was a significant relationship between strong SHH
expression and BCC aggressive compared to non-aggressive KSB, p 0.000 (p <05α),
and r = 732 Conclusion: There is a relationship between SHH expression and KSB
aggressiveness. The increase in strong SHH expression shows the aggressiveness of
KSB, SHH expression can be used as a biological gene target both as a prognostic
indicator and can be used as a target for treatment of aggressive KSB, especially in
the elderly. -
ACE2 Receptor in the skin and Cutaneous Manifestations of SARS-Cov-2: A Review of the Literature
Views: 1,797Downloads: 416A B S T R A C T
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly
discovered coronavirus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The
interaction of SARS-CoV-2 transmembrane spike (S) glycoprotein with the human
angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (hACE2) is the primary method of virus entry to
the cell. ACE2 is a transmembrane enzyme involved in the renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system. This enzyme plays pivotal roles in blood pressure regulations
and also electrolyte homeostasis. The expression of ACE2 in various skin cells has
been demonstrated in previous studies. Keratinocytes in the epidermis show an
exceptionally high expression of ACE2. In addition to human skin, ACE2 is also
found in animals’ tissues and were exceptionally high in cats and dogs’ skin and
eyes. This finding suggests their obscure role in COVID-19 transmission. Cutaneous
symptoms of COVID-19 in humans exist as the consequence of ACE2 presence in
the skin. The possible mechanisms of COVID-19 clinical manifestations in the skin
are upregulated innate immune human response, hypercoagulable state, and non-
structural proteins in SARS-CoV-2. These processes are presented as different
dermatologic manifestations, which are maculopapular rash, papulovesicular rash,
and livedo reticularis. This review aims to link the theoretical framework and
published findings to establish the connection between ACE2 expression in skin and
cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19. -
Cancer Progression : Focus on Platelet
Views: 1,053Downloads: 398Platelets are an important component in the process of hemostasis and coagulation. It’s
now known that high platelets count closely related to poor prognosis of patients with
cancer, due to their role in the hematogenous spread of cancer cells. Platelet can be
activated by cancer cells into tumor educated platelet and then cause thrombosis through
tumor induced platelet aggregation. Platelet also protect cancer cells in the blood circulation
from natural killer cells and help the transition of cancer cells from epithelial to
mesenchymal and vice versa, resulting in the process of metastasis. In the next stage of
metastasis, platelets trigger extravasation of cancer cells from primary cancer and help
adhesion of cancer cells to distant organs. -
The Concordance of Recursive Partitioning Analysis (RPA) Class Stratification with Survival of Brain Metastases Patients in Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia The concordance of RPA, Diansari et al
Views: 1,038Downloads: 482A B S T R A C T
Introduction: Recursive Partitioning Analysis is one of prognostic scores, has been
validated to any different setting. Objective: To identify the concordance of Recursive
Partitioning Analysis stratification in survival with brain metastases patients.
Methods: Retrospective study was performed on brain metastases patients from
January 2017 until Desember 2019 based on medical record. The follow up time
started from the first diagnosis of brain metastases to death or last follow up. The
Kaplan Meier was used to plot survival curves and the log-rank test was used to
analyse differences between groups Results: Mean overall survival time was 4,67
months with 1,14 months for median survival for all patients. According to scoring,
mostly (80,8%) patients were in group 3. The median survival time was 7 months
and 2 months for group 2 and 3. Conclusion: It has shown relatively congruity
survival in BM patients with stratification of Recursive Partitioning Analysis in our
institution. -
The Efficacy of Cinnamon Extract ( Cinnamomum burmannii ) on Reducing Staging Acute Kidney Injury in Ischemia Reperfusion (IR) Model
Views: 1,087Downloads: 1,593A B S T R A C T
Introduction. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as sudden decline in the
glomerular filtration rate, resulting in the retention of nitrogenous wastes, such as
urea and creatinine in plasma. Cinnamomum burmannii is known as a anti-
inflammatory renoprotective agent, although the precise mechanism is not well
understood. This study aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of Cinnamomum
burmannii extract in decreasing creatinine level of acute kidney injury Ischemia
reperfusion (IR) model. Method. We performed Ischemia reperfusion (IR) in male
Wistar rat to induce acute kidney injury. The rat (n=30) were divided into six groups:
IR, 1 group treated with methylprednisolone as a control (IR+M), 3 groups treated
with different oral Cinnamomum burmannii extract doses (50mg/kg (IR+EKM1),
100mg/kg (IR+EKM2), and 200 mg/kg (IR+EKM3), and a Sham operation (SO)
group. AKI stage reduction based on serum creatinine levels, before and after
modeling, before and after the cinnamon extract intervention. Creatinine levels were
quntified by spectrophotometry and analyzed by SPSS. Result. Cinnamomum
burmannii extract lowers creatinine levels; significant (P <0.05). 200 mg / kgbb is
the effective dose of lowering creatinine levels in the IR model. Conclusion.
Cinnamomum burmannii extract reduced serum creatinine levels associated with
decreased acute renal staging in the IR model. -
Vascular and Cardiorespiratory Factors are Associated with Functional Capacity in Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Views: 1,039Downloads: 394A B S T R A C T
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease that has globally increased
prevalence annually 1 . Impaired functional capacity due to poor blood sugar control
and presence of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction. Six minute walk test is a
method that is widely used in the assessment of functional capacity in patients with
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.ObjectiveTo evaluate factors that are associated with
functional capacity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Methods This is an analytic
observational study with a cross sectional design. Fourty patients who had been
diagnosed with diabetes mellitus was assessed by six minute walk test. Chi square
and logistic regression analysis was perform by using SPSS 25. Results Six minute
walk test correlated significantly with Ancle Brachial Index scores (p = 0.016) and
Body Mass Index (p = 0.03) Conclusion Ancle Brachial Index Score and Body Mass
Index are factors associated with functional capacity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus -
Does Electroencephalography Result Affect the Success of Treatment for Epilepsy Patients ?
Views: 1,026Downloads: 368A B S T R A C T
Introduction: Approximately there is 50 million people with epilepsy in the world.
Currently, pharmacological management is the most therapeutic option. However,
about 30% of patients will develop drug-resistant epilepsy. Many factors are
thought to affect the treatment success. This study was conducted to determine
the relationship between electroencephalographic results and epilepsy treatment
success. Methods : This is cross sectional observational study. Inclusion criteria
was epileptic patients aged > 18 years and had received epilepsy treatment for at
least 1 year. The chi-square test is performed to see the relationship between
research variables. Results: EEG results has an effect on the success of therapy
(p 0.027). The most common type of epileptiform abnormality is sharp waves. The
most epileptiform amplitude and location were 80 microvolts and in the temporal
lobe. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between EEG abnormalities
and the epilepsy treatment success. -
Preclinical Test Methods with Animal Mouse and Rats Biomedical Research: Technical Guideline
Views: 1,650Downloads: 1,067A B S T R A C T
Trials in pre-clinical trials are very complex multidisciplinary studies. Extrapolating
data from animals to humans requires information from many fields of science. From
pre-clinical trials, more detailed information and data on efficacy and safety were
obtained, especially at doses equivalent to doses in humans, and the presence or
absence of cumulative effects and whether these effects could return to normal
(reversible) after the administration of the test material was stopped. This test can
be used to predict the negative impact on humans if he is exposed to the material
for a long time. -
Comprehensive Obstetric and Neonatal Emergency Services (PONEK) to Reduce Infant Mortality and Improve Maternal Health
Views: 1,357Downloads: 1,106The Millennium Development Goals (Millennium Development Goal's) in
2015, there are two targets and indicators that are specifically related to
the health of mothers, infants and children. The Millennium Development
Goal's (MDG's) are for the hospital to implement the PONEK program
(Comprehensive Obstetric Neonatal Emergency Services) for reduce infant
mortality and improve maternal health. Maternal and perinatal services
must be organized in a teamwork and integrated between medical, nursing,
midwifery and support services. The hospital as a health service
organization for the community needs to make continuous quality
improvement, which continuously improves performance and
service quality in order to meet the demands of consumers and the
hospital environment. -
Epidermal Proliferation and Differentiation in Ichthyosis Vulgaris
Views: 1,346Downloads: 2,441A B S T R A C T
Epidermal proliferation and differentiation is a physiological process which plays
crucial role in protecting human body from external environment. Ichthyosis
vulgaris is a disease caused by disruption of epidermal differentiation process.
Disrupted of profilaggrin conversion to filaggrin caused by mutations from the
filaggrin gene (FLG) located on chromosome 1q21. Recently, caused of ichthyosis
vulgaris is mutation of the CASP14 gene on chromosome 19p13.12 which produces
caspase-14, is involved in the proteolytic degradation of filaggrin. Clinical
manifestations of ichthyosis vulgaris are hyperlinear palmar and plantar, keratosis
pilaris, xerosis, and localized or generalized scaling of the skin. Application of
emollients, humectants and keratolytic agents are the main treatment of ichthyosis
vulgaris. Further research on caspase-14 as a therapeutic target is needed in the
treatment of ichthyosis vulgaris. -
Ferning, Schimer I and Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) Accuracy Test in Post-Operative Cataract Patient with Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE) Technique
Views: 1,030Downloads: 509A B S T R A C T
Objective: To determine the accuracy of the Ferning, Schimer I and TBUT test in
cataract patients after cataract surgery with the ECCE technique at the Eye
Polyclinic at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang and the Special Eye Hospital
Palembang Methods: Diagnostic test was undertaken at the Eye Polyclinic at
Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang and the Special Eye Hospital Palembang
from May 2019 to January 2020. There were 42 postoperative cataract patients who
met the inclusion criteria. Ferning, Schimer I and TBUT tests were performed before
surgery and one month after surgery. Data analysis using SPSS version 22.0 (SPSS,
Inc Chicago, Illinois). Results: Fourty two samples of postoperative cataract surgery
with ECCE technique obtained by female sex (57,1%) with a mean age of cataract
patients of approximately 58.09 years. The accuracy of Schimer I and TBUT is 0.952
with 100% sensitivity, 50% specificity, 95% positive predictive value (PPV) and 100%
negative predictive value (NPV), the accuracy of TBUT and Ferning is 0.881 with
90.2% sensitivity, 0% specificity , positive predictive value (PPV) 97.4% and negative
predictive value (NPV) 0% while the accuracy of Ferning and Schimer I was 0.928
with a sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of 0%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 95.1%
and negative predictive value (NPV) 0%. Conclusion: Schimer I test is more accurate
to use as a predictor of dry eye in postoperative cataract patients than Ferning and
TBUT
