Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Articles
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The Effect of Ophiocephalus striatus Extract on Quantitative Measurement of Biceps Brachii and Rectus Femoris in Patients with Mechanical Ventilation A Randomised Control Trial
Views: 1,467Downloads: 844IntroductionA freshwater fish Ophiocephalus striatus (OS) or known locally to Indonesian as haruan, has potentials to retain musclemass of critically ill patients following its high content of amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of OS on quantitative measurements of biceps brachii and rectus femoris in patients with mechanical ventilation.
MethodsThis was a double-blinded randomized controlled trial at tertiary hospital between July- September 2019. The study included patients aged 18-65 years old with mechanical ventilation whereas patients with chronic kidney disease, paraparesis, or neuromuscular disorders were excluded. Forty-two patients were divided into extract group (n=19) who received 15 g of OS extract daily and control group (n=23) who received none. Quantitative measurements of both muscles were determined by measuring cross sectional area (CSA) using ultrasonography by one radiologist. Data were collected at 1st and 7th day, while the intervention was administered in-between. Independent sample T-test, Mann-Whitney test, and multivariate study using general linear model (GLM) were used for statistical analysis.
ResultsThe changes of CSA on biceps brachii and rectus femoris muscles from before to after intervention between extract group compared to control group were 5,30 ± 2,41 to 6,09 ± 1,81 vs. 5,16 ± 2,50 to 4,16 ± 1,94 (p=0.002) and 2,45 (1,10 – 5,90) to 3,47 (1,13 – 8,18) vs 3,85 (1,09 – 9,06) to 2,78 (1,06 – 7,27) (p=0.230), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed significant differences between extract and control group for both muscles with p value of <0.001 and 0.001 respectively.
ConclusionSupplementation of Ophiocephalus striatus extract was associated with a significant increase of biceps brachii and rectus femoris CSA in patients with mechanical ventilation.
Keywords: Ophiocephalus striatus, ultrasonography, cross sectional area, biceps brachii muscle, rectus femoris muscle
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Polymorphism E23K KCNJ11 Gen as a Risk Factor of Diabetes Mellitus in Serawai Tribe Of Bengkulu
Views: 2,675Downloads: 965ABSTRACT
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease involving genetic and environmental factors. The E23K KCNJ11 gene polymorphism causes KATP canal overactivity, decreases cell membrane depolarization potential, and decreases insulin secretion. E23K polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene as a risk factor for T2DM.
Research Objective: This study aimed to analyze the E23K polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene as a risk factor for T2DM in the Bengkulu Serawai.
Method: This study is a case-control study. The subjects of the study were 100 people with T2DM patients as a case group (50 people) and Non-DM subjects with families who did not have a history of T2DM as a control group (50 people). Fasting blood glucose (GDP) was analyzed by spectrophotometry and E23K KCNJ11 gene by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Data were analyzed by statistics.
Results: The frequency of AA genotypes in cases was higher than the controls (12% and 8%) (p = 0.001). The frequency of A allele in the case was higher than the control (32% and 18%) (p = 0.017). The risk of T2DM on AA / GA genotypes was 4.75 times higher in cases than controls (p = 0,000, OR 4.75 95% CI 2.01-11.24). The risk of T2DM in A allele was 2.14 times higher in cases than in controls (p = 0.017, OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.11-4.15).
Conclusion: E23K polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene as a risk factor for T2DM in Bengkulu Serawai Tribe.
Keywords: E23K gene KCNJ11, DMT2, Non-DMT2.
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Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) Seed Extract as Male Contraception via Decreasing The Quality of Rat's (Rattus Norvegicus) Sperm
Views: 11,424Downloads: 4,159Background. Population growth needs to be controlled so as not to cause new and serious problems. Pregnancy and birth control is a solution to control this sizable population growth. Contraception is a way to prevent pregnancy, by inhibiting the process of ovulation, fertilization and implantation. Nevertheless, most of contraceptive regiments were aimed to woman. Male contraception nowadays is very rare. Papaya seed is one of the male contraceptive candidates which has the potential to be developed as male contraception. Previous studies have shown the potential of papaya seed extract could reduce the weight of reproductive organs of male white rats, where it was believed that there was a decrease in spermatogenesis activity.
Methods. This research was an in-vivo experimental research post-test only with control group. The study used 32 male and healthy rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain with 8-10 weeks of age. Rats were grouped into 1 control group and 4 treatment groups that were randomly selected. The four treatment groups were group 1: control administered 1% 2ml CMC orally one time per day every morning, group 2: were given N-hexane papaya seed fraction, group 3: were given ethyl acetate papaya seed fraction and group 4: were given ethanol-water papaya seed fraction. The three fractions were given to rats orally at a dose of 100 mg / KgBB / day for 24 days. After that, rat's testes and epidydimis were evacuated to observe reproductive organs and sperm quality.
Results. Anatomically, Group 2 and 3 were statistically significant in reducing testicular's and epidydimis' weight compared to the control group, but the n-hexane group was more effective in reducing testicular weight than other treatment groups. Furthermore, groups 2, 3 and 4 were statistically significant in reducing sperm quality (motility, viability, amount of sperm cells and normal sperm cell morphology) compared to the control group, but the n-hexane group was more effective in reducing sperm quality than other treatment groups.
Conclusion. Papaya seed n-hexane fraction has potential as a male contraceptive by reducing spermatogenesis activity and decreasing sperm quality in white rats.
Keyword : papaya seed, male contraception, rat's sperm
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Diagnosis and Management of Female Pattern Hair Loss
Views: 2,223Downloads: 5,271AbstractFemale pattern hair loss (FPHL) is the most common hair loss in post-puberty female. Prevalence of this nonscarring alopecia increases with age. The etiology of FPHL is still unclear, but hormonal and genetic factors are associated with pathogenesis of FPHL. Hormonal factor in FPHL is not as strong as in male pattern hair loss (MPHL). Clinical manifestations of FPHL are characterized by nonscarring baldness with shortening anagen phases and miniaturization of hair follicles, predominantly occur at the vertex, middle, and frontal regions. Hair shedding occurs progressively. The diagnosis of FPHL is established based on clinically. Classification of FPHL is according to Ludwig's criteria. Current FDA-approved FPHL therapy is topical minoxidil 2%, hair transplantation, and low level laser therapy (LLLT). Anti-androgen therapy still needs to be investigated further. The prognosis of FPHL is poor because the progressiveness continues with age. Long term treatment required for FPHL because it is a chronic residif disease. The treatment only prevents the progression of hair loss and does not cure.
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Evaluation of CTEV Management in Children's Walking Ability Assessed by "BANGLA" Club Foot Tool Score System
Views: 1,713Downloads: 931Abstract
Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) or clubfoot is a congenital deformity that involves an abnormal position of the calcaneonaviculare complex. "Bangla clubfoot tool score system" is an assessment that indicates the effectiveness of CTEV management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the management of CTEV on children's ability to walk as assessed by the Bangla clubfoot tool score system.
A cross sectional study was conducted at the Hospital Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. There were 24 CTEV patients who received CTEV management before the age of 3 years and were not associated with a neurological disorder. A comparison of the average total Bangla clubfoot score tool system was analyzed by assessing parental satisfaction, walking ability and clinical examination.
The majority of CTEV patients were women (58.3%) with and mostly being treated before 1 year old (79.2%). The most types of CTEV were bilateral (70.8%), and most of them performed surgery (66.7%). Assessment with the Bangla clubfoot tool system shows that the level of parental satisfaction is sufficient, gait is good, but physical foot examination is poor (20%). The score is influenced by age at first therapy and compliance using the brace.
Parents must continue to support their children to undergo integrated management after therapy to maintain their walking ability.
