Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 5 No. 5 (2021): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Articles
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Correlation between the Serum Level of Interleukin-2 in Hemodialysis Patients and Severity of Renal Pruritus
Views: 1,263Downloads: 518Renal pruritus (RP) is a condition or symptom that is often found in end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The etiology of RP is multifactorial, one of it due to inflammation mediated by interleukin 2 (IL-2). Study on the correlation between serum level of IL-2 and the severity of RP is still limited. This study will analyze the correlation between serum level of IL-2 in patients undergoing HD and the severity of RP. Our method is cross sectional design at Hemodialysis Installation of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital. Serum level of IL-2 examined by ELISA, the severity of RP assessed by a 5 dimensional pruritus scale. Inclusion criteria in this study included HD patients with RP ≥ 9, age ≥ 18 years and willing to sign informed consent. The results from 28 male (59.6%) and 19 female (40.4%) are the mean serum level of IL-2 (pg/ml) is 0.424 ± 0.077. The mean RP severity score is 18.98 ± 2.74. A strong positive correlation between serum level of IL-2 and the severity of RP (r = 0.750, p = 0,000). Our conclusion is the increase of serum level IL-2 in line with severity of RP.
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The Association between Aromatase Gene Polymorphism Cyp19 Val 80 and Endometriosis Risk
Views: 1,363Downloads: 598Background: Endometriosis implant has been known to express aromatase enzyme, Cytochrome p450 that catalyzes androgen into estrogen. It causes local estrogen production, leading to increased estrogen level, and subsequently triggers endometriosis lesion. CYP19 gene resided at chromosome 15q21.1 is the biggest component of aromatase coding cytochrome p450 enzyme.
Objective: To identify relationship between aromatase gene polymorphism CYP19 Val 80 and the risk of endometriosis. Methods: This is an observational case-control study using frozen DNA sample from women with endometriosis and/ or adenomyosis who had undergone laparotomy/ laparoscopy at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang January-November 2013. Samples were amplified and cut by PCR-FRLP using Rsa1 restriction enzyme. Results were divided into A/A genotype (homozygote mutant), G/A (heterozygote mutant), and G/G (homozygote wild type). Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 version.
Results: PCR-RFLP results for A/A genotype were 20 (21.3%) in endometriosis group and 8 (8.5%) in control group. G/A genotype were 18 (19.1%) in endometriosis group and 22 (23.4%) in control group. G/G genotype were 9 (9.6%) and 17 (18.1%) in endometriosis group and control group, respectively. There was significant increase risk of endometriosis in women carrying genotype A/A to those with genotype G/G with OR 4.722 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Polymorphism on aromatase gene CYP19 Val 80 A/A increases risk of endometriosis.
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Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Technique Guideline
Views: 45,296Downloads: 8,923ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a technique used to assess the quantification of peptide, protein, antibody and hormone levels, based on the principle of antigen-antibody binding. In the ELISA technique, antigen immobilization will be carried out on a solid surface, then bound with antibodies to form an antigen-antibody bond complex, where the antigen-antibody complex is bound to the enzyme. The detection signal in the form of a color change will be formed due to the reaction between the enzyme and the substrate.
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Klippel Trenaunay Syndrome: A Brief Overview
Views: 1,678Downloads: 1,259Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare congenital vascular disease. The pathogenesis of this syndrome is unclear, but it is thought that most cases are the result of somatic mutations that affect genes that play a role in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Some patients come with a triad of capillary malformation (hemangioma or port-wine stain), venous varicosities and bony or soft tissue hypertrophy. Clinical presentation of this syndrome can lead to significant morbidities and mortalities due to severe bleeding and emboli. Although the number of cases is low, a doctor must be able to distinguish Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome from other rare vascular disorders. Parkes Weber syndrome is usually similar to Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, except in the arterial malformations associated with capillary malformations and soft tissue to skeletal or bone hypertrophy. The diagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome is carried out clinically and is quite difficult to do even with experienced doctors because there is no precise pathognomonic test. There are several options in relation to the management of Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome and non-invasive procedure is considered to be the most important of therapy modalities. Early diagnoses, progression monitoring, and proper intervention should be carried out for better prognosis and preventing complication.
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Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease : Role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor Stabilizer
Views: 1,306Downloads: 594Anemia contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. The pathogenesis of anemia in these patients is multifactorial, but the contribution of erythropoietin deficiency becomes greater as glomerular filtration rate declines which related to decreased nephron mass. The current standard of care includes supplemental iron, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA), and red blood cell transfusions, although each has drawbacks. Lately, concern has arisen following randomized clinical trials showing that higher hemoglobin targets and/or high ESA doses may cause significant harm including increasing cardiovascular and thrombotic events, and even death. Recent experimental and clinical studies show the promising efficacy of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) stabilizer which stimulates endogenous erythropoietin production and enhance iron availability.
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The Ethics of Gene Modification: Considerations of Gene Editing and Genetic Selection
Views: 1,824Downloads: 761The field of hereditary qualities has offered ascend to innovation that will reform the natural sciences: the amazing quality altering device known as CRISPR-Cas9. Between clinical advancement, extreme new age solution for sicknesses and the danger of modifying human DNA in an irreversible manner, the lawful difficulties of applying CRISPR in the wellbeing setting, alongside the administrative and moral issues that may emerge should be drawn nearer with expanded duty. A primary objective or an assortment of purposes? Upgrade or quality altering to improve ordinary human characteristics, changes from altered genomes that may be acquired - repercussions of the new quality altering innovation could bring about adjusting human DNA. Current worldwide enactment and understanding, worldwide agreement worth seeking after regarding this matter and future guidelines required.
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Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Views: 2,132Downloads: 2,387Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection caused by Candida Sp, especially Candida albicans. Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis was defined as the occurrence of four or more episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis in 12 months period. As many as 9% of women from various populations have recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Vulvovaginal candidiasis affects the quality of life, mental health, and sexual activity. There are many predisposing factors that caused recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, such as genetics, host, habit, idiopathic and non-albican candida microbes. Management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis includes elimination of predisposing factors; mycological culture diagnosis and identification of specific Candida species; followed by microbiological examination to confirm the sensitivity of the azole group to Candida sp. Further, oral, or topical therapy should be continued until the patient is asymptomatic and culture-negative. Patients should receive induction therapy followed by maintenance suppressive therapy for six months.
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Epidemiology of Leprosy in Childhood: A Retrospective Study
Views: 1,871Downloads: 1,133Background: Children are the group most susceptible to Mycobacterium leprae infection. The proportion of new leprosy cases in children is indicator of successful leprosy elimination program from World Health Organization (WHO), so this study would like to know the epidemiology of pediatric leprosy at Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.
Methods: Retrospective study of all new cases of leprosy in children (0-17 years) who came to Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang from January 2017 to December 2020.
Results: There were 10 pediatric patients (7.58%) from 132 new leprosy cases. Most cases (40%) were in the 15-17 age group. There are more male than female. Most types of leprosy are BL (60%) followed by TT (20%). Manifestations of hyperpigmented skin patches and nervous disorders, grade 1 disability, and type 2 leprosy reactions are mostly found in type BL leprosy. The duration of illness 6-12 months has a grade 1 disability (30%). The history of positive contact came from same household in 3 cases (30%) with 7 people (70%) domiciled in Palembang. All cases received Multidrug Therapy (MDT) treatment according to WHO guidelines.
Conclusion: Found 10 new cases of leprosy in children in Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic Dr. Moh. Hoesin Palembang for four years, especially in the 15-17 age group, with the most cases being type BL leprosy. Household contact still plays an important role in leprosy transmission.
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Characteristics Giant Cell Tumor of The Bone Cases at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Period 1 January 2017 - 31 Augsut 2020
Views: 1,205Downloads: 498Introduction : Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) is a benign bone tumors with potentially aggressive and capacity to metastasize. This tumor could destroy the bone and joint component. As a primary bone tumor that appears at productive age , GCT can cause morbidity for patients.
Methods : This research is a retrospective descriptive study with data obtained from the medical records of patients who went to Mohammad Hoesin general hospital for the period January 1, 2017- August 31, 2019. Data processing was carried out using SPSS 16.0. From the research results, 27 GCT patient data that met the inclusion criteria were obtained.
Results : There were 23 (85.1%) patients in the 20-44 years age group, 2 (7.4%) people <20 years, 2 (7.4%) people> 44 years. There were 13 (48%) male patients and 14 (52%) female patients. The most common tumor locations were in the proximal tibia as many as 6 (22%) people, Distal Femur as many as 6 (22%) people, Distal Radius as many as 5 (18.5%) people, Distal Ulna as many as 3 (11.1%) people, Proximal Femur as many as 1 (3.7 %) people, Calcaneus as much as 1 (3.7%) people, Metacarpal as many as 1 (3.7%) people. Based on grading Campanacci, 16 (59.25%) people had GCT with Campanacci Grade III, Grade II with 8 (29.6%) people, and 1 (3.7%) grade I. Only 2 (7.4%) people had recurrences. No patients were found to have lung metastases (0%). There were 1 (3.7%) patients with pathological fracture on GCT. Management carried out was 24 people undergoing resection and reconstruction 24 (88.5%) and 3 (11.5%) people with curettage and bone cement.
Conclusion : This study of GCTB at Mohammad Hoesin general hospital bring out that patient’s characteristics are similar with other country and theory. Mostly patient got GCTB at age second until fouth decade of life, slightly more in female, mostly tumor detected around the knee. Mostly patient detected with Campanacci graded III and needed resection and reconstruction surgery. No reported lung metastases in GCTB patient but this record need further follow up due to short time between surgery and study
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Surgical Site Infection Post Caesarean Section: A Case Report
Views: 1,083Downloads: 2,950Background. Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major complication of surgery which can increase morbidity, mortality and cost of hospitality. Incidence of SSI at a healthcare provider/facility reflected a service quality of that institution.
Case presentation. A 28-years-old woman, a housewife, P2A1, post-caesarean section 12 days ago. Pasien datang dengan keluhan utama badan lemas dan terdapat nanah pada luka bekas operasi. Ia mengeluh perutnya terasa semakin panas, dan keluar cairan bening sebelum muncul nanah pada luka operasi. Pasien juga mengeluh demam, mual dan lemas akhir-akhir ini Laboratory investigations showed Hb 11,9 g/dL, Leukosit 11.100 m/L, trombosit 601.000. MCV 70,7 fL MCH 24 pg MCHC 32 g/dL TIBC 392 mg/dL serum Iron 54 mg/dL Ferritin 19,8 ng/mL, CRP reactive. Patient was wound dressing and given levofloxacin 500mg three times a day intravascular for three days and continue with ciprofloxacin three time a day oral. Patient was suggest to repeat laboratory test after therapy to evaluate therapy response.
Conclusion: The result showed that time of prophylactic antibiotics can used to minimize the occurrence of SSI in post-caesarean section patients.
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Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome in Healthy Infant
Views: 1,282Downloads: 1,797Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) describes a spectrum of superficial blistering skin disorders caused by the exfoliative toxins of Staphylococcus aureus that originates from a focus of infection that may be a purulent conjunctivitis, otitis media, or occult nasopharyngeal infection. It usually begins with fever, irritability, and a generalized, paint, orange-red, macular erythema with cutaneous tenderness, and the rash progress from scarlatiniform to a blistering eruption in 24 to 48 hours. A diagnosis must distinguish SSSS from other skin diseases, such as toxic epidermal necrolysis, epidermolysis bullosa, bullous erythema multiforme, Streptococcal impetigo or listeriosis and thermal or chemical burns, all of which can manifest with similar symptoms. The prognosis of SSSS in children who are appropriately treated is good, with a mortality of less than 5%. A case was a three moths old boy hospitalized in Pediatric ward M. Djamil hospital with chief complain redness and peeling of the skin since 2 days before hospitalized. Culture of the skin, eyes and nose was Staphylococcus aureus, and patients was given ampicillin and gentamycin for seven days.
