Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 2 No. 4 (2018): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Articles
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The Efficacy of Cinnamomum burmanii Extract on the Protection of Neuronal Cell Death in Haloperidol Induced Male Wistar Rats
Views: 1,388Downloads: 148Background
Haloperidol is categorized as the first class antipsychotic drug. Long-term use of haloperidol may convey to increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that will yield oxidative damage which further leads to cell death. Several studies had identified the effects of cinnamon extract on cell death. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of cinnamon extract (Cinnamomum burmanii) on the protection of neuronal cell death in haloperidol-induced male Wistar white rats.
Methods
This study was experimental with pre and post-test design. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, induced with haloperidol and followed by treatment. Caspase-3 and dopamine were assayed by ELISA sandwich method using ELISA kit. Mean difference of caspase expression and dopamine levels before and after induction were shown (p<0.05).
Results
There were mean differences of caspase-3 expression level in the positive control group, cinnamon extract of 100 and 200mg/kgBW before and after treatment (p<0.05). Whereas for dopamine levels, there were mean differences in positive control group, cinnamon extract of 50, 100 and 200mg/kgBW before and after treatment (p<0.05). With Post Hoc test, it was found that there were no mean differences of caspase-3 expression level between positive group with cinnamon extract group of 100 and 200mg/kgBW (p>0,05) and there were also no mean differences of positive group dopamine level with group of cinnamon extract of 100 and 200mg/kgBW (p>0.05).
Conclussion
Cinnamomum burmanii extract at dose of 100 and 200mg/kgBW were effective in the protection against neuronal cell death in haloperidol induced male Wistar white rats.
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Identification of IL-10 Gene Polymorphisms in Leprosy
Views: 1,318Downloads: 178Background: Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by an infection of Mycobacterium leprae, which affects skin and nerve lesions, which can result in disability. The prevalence of leprosy continues to increase, especially in Indonesia, which is one of the endemic areas of leprosy. The unique immune response of each individual not only determines the susceptibility of individuals to leprosy, but also determines the type of leprosy that will manifest. One of the immune responses that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of leprosy is interleukin-10 (IL-10). Increased regulation of IL-10 can have an effect on decreasing macrophage activity in killing bacteria. Production of IL-10 is regulated by genes that encode the cytokine. Gen IL-10 is located on chromosome 1q32. Polymorphism in this gene can cause variations in the function of IL-10 protein, which can then influence the process of microbial elimination in the development of leprosy.
Objective: This study aimed to identify IL-10 -819 C / T gene polymorphisms which were cut with the MslI enzyme in lepers.
Method: This study is a laboratory study, which is also an observational descriptive study with a cross sectional study approach to 40 subjects with leprosy. Identification of IL-10 -819 C / T gene polymorphism was carried out by PCR amplification and RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) technique using the MslI enzyme.Results: Distribution of TT, CT, and CC genotypes in the study subjects were 0 (0%), 14 (35%), and 26 (65%). Based on age, the distribution was 0 (0%), 6 (15%), 19 (47.5%) for those under 50 years old, and 0 (0%), 8 (20%), 7 (17.5 %) for those over 50 years old. Based on gender, the distribution is 0 (0%), 5 (12.5%), 16 (40%) in men, and 0 (0%), 9 (22.5%), 10 (25%) in women. Based on the classification of diseases, the distribution was 0 (0%), 3 (7.5%), 7 (17.5%) for papalacillary, and 0 (0%), 11 (27.5%), 19 (47.5 %) for multibasilers.
Conclusion: More wild type genotypes are found in lepers (65%).
Keywords: leprosy, polymorphism, IL-10 gene
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Sensitivity and Spesificity of Interleukin 18 as Biomarker for Acute Kidney Injury
Views: 1,404Downloads: 178Background : Incidence of AKI in intensive care unit patients reach 60-70%, and the mortality rate is about 60%. IL-18 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which increased in endogenous inflammation process. Studies in human showed that IL-18 concentration increased prior to AKI.
Objective : The aims of this research is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of Interleukin-18 urine examination as an early biomarker for acute kidney injury.
Methods : There’re total of 66 subjects who met the inclusion criteria. All the subject were checked for the IL-18 urine level with Cloud Clone kit and creatinine serum were also checked 48 hours after admission.
Results :The results showed in the cut-off point of 411.25 Pg/mL , urine IL-18 has a sensitivity of 54.3 % and specificity 83.9%, positive predictive value 79.17%, negative predictive value 61.9% and accuracy of 68.18%
Conclusions : Our result suggest that IL-18 urine holds a promise as an early biomarker of AKI and more sensitive and specific as an early biomarker for AKI compared to creatinine serum.
Key words : Acute Kidney Injury, Interleukin-18, sensitivity, spesificity
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N-Acetyl-Glucosamidase as Biomarker for Acute Kidney Injury
Views: 1,337Downloads: 128Background : The estimated inciÂdence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is two to three cases per 1,000 patients. Seven percent of hospitalized patients and about two-thirds of patients in intensive care units develop acute kidney injury and the mortalÂity rates range between 25 and 80 percent. Disruption in epithelial brush border of proximal tubular cell causes N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) to be released to the urine and the amount of enzyme could be directly correlated with tubular disruption.
Objective : The aims of this research is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of NAG urine examination as an early biomarker for acute kidney injury.
Methods : There’s 66 subjects who met the inclusion criteria. All the subject were checked for the NAG urine level with Cloud Clone kit and creatinine serum were also checked 48 hours after admission.
Results : The results showed in the cut-off point of 7.98 Ng/mL, urine NAG has a sensitivity of 68.6% and specificity 77.4%, positive predictive value 77.42%, negative predictive value 68.57 % and accuracy of 72.73%
Conclusions : The result shows that urine NAG examination is more sensitive and specific as an early biomarker for Acute Kidney Injury compared to creatinine serum.
Key words : Acute Kidney Injury, N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase , sensitivity, spesificity
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The Efficacy of Combination Extract Andrographis peniculata and Syzygium polyanthum on Glucose Uptake in Skletal Muscle in Diabetic Rats
Views: 1,386Downloads: 182Insulin resistance is impaired insulin signaling cascade in target cells to respond normal or elevated circulating insulin to the final cellular effect, such as translocation of vesicles containing GLUT4 glucose transporters, which is the major mediator of glucose removal from the circulation and a key regulator of whole-body glucose homeostasis. Among the several plants, Andrographis peniculata (sambiloto) and Syzygium polyanthum (Daun salam). In the present study, a combination was made, Andrographis peniculata (sambiloto) and Syzygium polyanthum (Daun salam), and to determine the effects of combination on tretament insulin resistance. Male Wistar rats (weight, 200-300 g) were randomized into five groups (6 rats/group). Group 1: negative group. Group 2: positive group (metformin 63 mg/kgBW ). Group 3,4 and 5: treatment with extract combination, each group 250 mg/kgBW, 500 mg/kgBW and 1000 mg/kgBW. Rats were induced by high fat diet-glucocorticoid for insulin resistance. Insulin and GLUT-4 were assayed by ELISA. Treatment with extract combination (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kgBW) and metformin for 2 weeks showed a sigificant decrease in fasting plasma insulin compare with the negative control rats with a reduction of 11,2%, 33,6%, 20% and 19,4%, respectively. Two weeks treatment either extract combination or metformin in diabetic rats, significantly increased GLUT 4 level (p<0,05) with a percentage increase of 6,68%, 15,21%, 12,76% and 1,77%.
