Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 7 No. 6 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Articles
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A Rare Case of Nail Lichen Planus
Views: 687Downloads: 1,704Background: Nail lichen planus (NLP) is often associated with the involvement of other mucocutaneous sites. Though isolated nail involvement can be seen in a number of cases, it is seen in up to 10% of cases. Nail lichen planus is a rare case. This is the first case in the last 5 years in the dermatology and venereology department of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang.
Case presentation: A 26 years old woman came to the Dermatology and Venereology Department at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang with all of her fingernails and toenails ridging, thinning, and brittle, and the color became yellow brown-blackish that worsened 6 months ago. This complaint had been suffered for 5 years ago. Dermatological examination showed onychodystrophy, longitudinal ridging and fissuring, yellow-brownish blackish discoloration on all fingernails and toenails, and there were no skin and mucosa lesions. The dermatology life quality index (DLQI) patient was 8. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination and fungal culture were negative. Histopathological examination showed hypergranulosis and sawtooth rete ridges. The patient was treated with clobetasol propionate 0,05% ointment with occlusion twice per day and showed improvement.
Conclusion: Nail lichen planus can occur in the absence of skin or mucosal involvement. In this case, there is no skin or mucosal involvement. The diagnosis in this case is based on clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological examination.
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Relationship between Breast Cancer Subtypes and Serum CA 15-3 Levels with the Incidence of Pleural Effusion in Breast Cancer Patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Views: 797Downloads: 424Background: Breast cancer is a disease that has a high incidence rate worldwide. Serum CA 15-3 levels have been used extensively as a tumor marker in breast cancer and can assist in early detection, monitoring of response to therapy, and monitoring of recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate whether there is a relationship between breast cancer subtypes and serum CA 15-3 levels with the incidence of pleural effusion in breast cancer patients at this hospital.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional observational study. A total of 176 research subjects participated in this study. Analysis of the relationship between breast cancer and CA 15-3 levels with pleural effusion was carried out univariate and bivariate using SPSS version 25.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between CA 15-3 serum levels and the incidence of pleural effusion in breast cancer patients (p-value = 0.0001). There was no statistically significant relationship between breast cancer subtypes and the incidence of pleural effusion (p-value = 0.105). There was no relationship between serum CA 15-3 levels and the incidence of pleural effusion in breast cancer patients based on breast cancer subtype (p-value> 0.005).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between serum levels CA 15-3 serum with the incidence of pleural effusion in breast cancer patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
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Intensive Strategy Resuscitation of Hemorrhagic Shock Patients with Ectopic Pregnancy in the Intensive Care Unit: A Case Report
Views: 1,458Downloads: 1,519Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a health problem in women of reproductive age whose products of conception implant outside the endometrium. Fluid resuscitation and maintenance and adequate treatment in intensive care unit can reduce mortality and morbidity in patients.
Case presentation: A 19-year-old woman came to the emergency department of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang with complaints of pain in the lower abdomen for 8 hours before entering the hospital. Physical examination results and obtained anemic conjunctiva (+)/(+). Check-up result in deep vaginal touch (VT) was obtained portion rocking pain (+). Then inspection culdosynthesis with results (+). The patient was diagnosed with acute abdominal ec suspected ruptured ectopic pregnancy at G2P1A0H1 gravid 8-9 weeks with severe anemia. After undergoing laparotomy, the patient was admitted to the ICU for 2 days.
Conclusion: Adequate resuscitation of fluids and blood products and overcoming shock causes are crucial in managing hemorrhagic shock in the intensive care unit.
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The Effect of Topical Glutathione on Malondialdehyde Levels in Rat with Cataract-Induced Sodium Selenite
Views: 723Downloads: 657Background: Oxidative damage plays a key role in the lens opacity process. Reducing glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide protein capable of preventing the accumulation of dangerous levels of oxidation products such as hydrogen peroxide and protein disulfide bonds. Human cataract lenses contain reduced levels of reduced glutathione, so by maintaining high levels of reduced glutathione in vivo, it may be possible to prevent opacification of the lens. This study aimed to determine the effect of topical glutathione on sodium selenite-induced cataracts based on the MDA level of the rat lens.
Methods: This was an experimental study using 30 rats grouped into 3 groups (K+, P1, and P2). At the end of the study, the lens was dripped with Mydriaticum, then assessed for lens opacity. The more opacity lens was extracted, and subsequently, malondialdehyde level was measured. MDA level was analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test.
Results: The average values of rat MDA Lens levels in the K+, P1, and P2 groups were 1.91, 1.38, and 1.2 nmol/mL. Statistically, there was a significant difference in MDA levels in each treatment group with p = 0.001 (p <0.05). Analysis of the average difference in MDA between each group showed that the average MDA level of rats in the P2 group was lower than P1, the MDA levels in the P1 and P2 groups were lower than K+, and there were statistically and clinically significant differences.
Conclusion: Topical glutathione can effectively reduce the progression of cataracts in the lens of rats induced by sodium selenite which is identical to senile cataracts in humans in its mechanism of oxidative stress.
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Surgical Outcome of Amniotic Membrane Transplantation (AMT) in Patients with Corneal Ulcer in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Views: 745Downloads: 360Background: Amniotic Membrane Transplantation or AMT Graft has been known to successfully manage ocular surface diseases, especially corneal ulcers. The amniotic membrane promotes epithelialization and inhibits proteinase activity that is required for wound healing. A corneal ulcer is a potentially sight-threatening condition resulting in permanent corneal opacity.
Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. Subjects were patients diagnosed with corneal ulcers and have been treated with AMT grafts. The data were grouped according to age, gender, severity, cause, visual acuity before and after AMT, and time required for complete epithelialization.
Results: Fifty-two patients were included in this study, aged 41-50, with a mean age of 43,17. Men were more common than women by 88,5% vs 11,5%. AMT graft was performed for moderate and severe corneal ulcers in this study, and most of them were caused by infection. The visual acuity before AMT was mostly in the second WHO category of blindness and visual impairment. Four weeks after surgery, 34.6% of patients had improved visual acuity. Complete epithelialization was most frequently (59,6%) achieved in 15-28 days. AMT graft was repeated in 3 patients, and other surgical interventions were required for 2 patients.
Conclusion: The AMT graft has successfully managed corneal ulcer patients, especially in moderate to severe cases, in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
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Antimicrobial Properties of Eco Enzyme: A Literature Review
Views: 3,245Downloads: 2,398Background: In surgical medicine, the use of antimicrobials is very important. The use of antimicrobials or antibiotics is used at the time before surgery as prophylaxis, intraoperative, and postoperative. The prevention of some bacterial infections is imperative. The latest research is constantly evolving toward the use of antibiotics, which follows an increasingly resistant antibiotic trend. One of the advancements in the use of antimicrobials is eco enzymes.
Methods: The literatures reviewed in our study was gathered from PubMed and Google Scholar. The advanced search was conducted on PubMed with the keywords used ("Eco enzyme" AND "antimicrobial" AND "activity" OR "Antibiotics"; "Mechanism" OR "Nature"). The advanced search was also conducted on Google Scholar with all of the words "antimicrobial activity of eco enzyme". We reviewed the articles cited within the literature to broaden the search results.
Results: Some materials used as eco enzymes in this literature review include Carica papaya L., Annona muricata L., Azadirachta indica Cymbopogon winterianus, Ananas comosus, citrus aurantium, etc. Bioactive substances that play a role in microbacterial activity are flavonoids, tannins, saponins, pH, and lactic acids through mechanisms inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, inhibit cell membrane function, inhibiting energy metabolism of bacteria, and cross-bacterial cell membranes because of the pH gradient, leading to the disruption of cellular metabolic activities of bacterias.
Conclusion: Eco enzymes have been shown to have antimicrobial abilities.
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The Effectiveness of Combination Therapy of Needling and Secretome from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Serum 10%) for Acne Scar Treatment
Views: 1,882Downloads: 1,382Background: Acne scars can have various impacts on individuals, both physical and psychological. Acne scars arise as a result of complications from acne vulgaris. This study purposed to determine the effectiveness of the treatment using a combination of SC-PWJMSC with microneedling for acne scars.
Methods: Pre-post clinical trial involving patients with acne scar. The intervention used in this study was a combination therapy of microneedling and secretome from mesenchymal stem cells. The intervention was carried out 1 time and monitored for 42 days. Primary outcome in the form of Observer visual scar assessment scale (OVSAS) was assessed at baseline and 42nd day, Secondary outcome (regenerative parameters) was assessed at baseline, 21st day and 42nd day.
Results: There was a significant change in the primary and secondary outcomes (p-value <0.001) without any significant side effects.
Conclusion: This study showed that combining needing with secretome from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) led to satisfactory results in repairing acne scars and in a number of other ways (secondary outcomes). On the other hand, there are limitations in this study in the form of no comparison therapy for the treatment of acne scar.
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Pilomatrixoma Pathology Description of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
Views: 576Downloads: 730Background: Pilomatrixoma is a benign neoplasm derived from hair follicles, and it rarely happens. Some cases were misdiagnostic with another skin lesion. One of them was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study aimed to describe the pilomatrixoma pathology description of squamous cell carcinoma.
Case presentation: A man, 72 years old admitted to the hospital with a chief complaint lump on his chin that penetrated into his mouth near the mandible gum. A lump had an irregular surface, hyperemic ulcer, bled easily, and penetrated into the mouth near the mandible gum. The size was 5x8x5cm, tenderness (+), and fixed with the mandible. There was no enlargement of neck nodes. The pathology description from the incision biopsy was pilomatrixoma. Wide excision, segmental mandibulectomy, and frozen section were performed on the patient, and the result was keratinizing SCC well differentiated.
Conclusion: A man 72 years old with a lump on his chin was diagnosed with pilomatrixoma, a benign neoplasm that occurs in hair follicles and is a rare case.
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LENT Score as a Prognosis Factor for Overall Survival and Progression-Free Survival in Malignant Pleural Effusion Patients at Tertiary Hospitals in West Sumatera, Indonesia
Views: 744Downloads: 571Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) has a variable survival rate and prognosis. The LENT score is one method for assessing survival rates in patients with MPE. This study aimed to investigate the LENT score as a prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with MPE at a tertiary hospital in West Sumatera.
Methods: This study was an observational analytic study involving several tertiary hospitals in West Sumatera with a minimum observation period of 2 years. Data were collected from medical records. We used Kaplan Meier analysis to assess OS and PFS.
Results: A total of 198 subjects met the inclusion criteria. Most MPE patients in this study were aged ≥60 years, male, smokers, pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase value <1500, ECOG 1, serum NLR value <9, and high-risk cancer, namely lung cancer. The distribution of LENT scores for MPE patients was evenly distributed among the low, medium, and high-risk groups. Kaplan Meier analysis showed that the median OS based on LENT scores were 804 days, 275 days, and 161 days, respectively (log-rank test p = 0.000). The median PFS based on LENT scores were 715 days, 202 days, and 106 days, respectively (log-rank test p=0.000). The OS and PFS findings are longer than previous studies.
Conclusion: Based on LENT scores, overall survival and progression-free survival MPE patients at tertiary hospitals in West Sumatera have a better prognosis compared to previous studies.
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Delayed SARS-COV-2 Viral Clearance in a Newly Diagnosed HIV Patient: A Case Series
Views: 607Downloads: 340Background: SARS-CoV-2 can infect anyone, but people with HIV have underlying conditions or comorbidities that can make them seriously ill if infected with SARS-CoV-2. HIV attacks and destroys the immune system delays the response of specific antibodies, and even causes failure to thrive, resulting in a long course of the disease. This case report aimed to describe 2 cases of HIV patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 with delayed viral clearance.
Case presentation: There are two HIV patients with co-infection with SARS-CoV-2. The first patient, a 32-year-old man with COVID-19 and HIV-AIDS, was referred from a regional hospital after being treated for 10 days due to clinical deterioration. Physical examination showed that the patient's general condition was moderately ill, and other vital signs were within normal limits. Oral candidiasis was seen in the patient's mouth, crackles were found in both lung fields, and epigastric tenderness was found on abdominal examination. The patient tested positive for COVID-19 based on the results of an antigen swab examination from the previous hospital. The second patient, a 26-year-old man, came with complaints of intermittent fever 1 week before entering the hospital. Complaints began with the body feeling weak and coughing without phlegm 2 weeks ago. The patient tested positive for COVID-19 based on the results of an antigen swab examination. The delayed viral clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in the two patients was possibly caused by the impaired immune response due to HIV infection, as shown by the presence of lymphopenia and decreased CD4+.
Conclusion: ARV use can suppress HIV viral load and increase immunity so that can help viral clearance of SARS-CoV-2.
