Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 3 No. 3 (2019): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Articles
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Antidepresant effects of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) extract in depressed induced rats using 3-minutes Tail Suspension method
Views: 2,869Downloads: 2,019AbstractBackground. The increasing prevalence of depression gives rise to challenges in not only elucidating its diverse causes, but also in finding an effective treatment. One of the factors linked to depression is the imbalance of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine neurotransmitters. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) as one of the world’s wellknown cooking ingredients is believed to be able to regulate the neurotransmitters imbalance with the help of terpenoids and flavonoid polyphenols as one of its content.
Objective. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cinnamon extract as an antidepressant in depressed induced animal model.
Methods. An experimental in vivo with pre-post control group design was conducted in twenty five Wistar strain white rats that were divided into 5 treatment groups that received fluoxetine as positive control, aquades, and different dose of cinnamon extracts (50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW). Depression induction method used was 3-minute Tail Suspension Test, done for 14 days. The antidepressant effectiveness test was carried out by calculating the immobility time duration with Forced Swimming Test method and was further analyzed using one-way ANOVA test.
Results. One-way ANOVA test results showed that there were differences in the mean duration of immobility time between treatment groups after being given cinnamon extract (p value = 0,000). Groups that were given 100 mg/kgBW cinnamon extract and 200 mg /kgBW showed a p value>0.05 when compared with positive control group receiving Fluoxetine although displayed a similar reduced immobility time.
Conclusion. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) extract showed a promising potential as an effective antidepressant tested in animal model.
Keywords: cinnamon, extract, depression, immobility time, rat
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Birth Anthropometry Characteristics of Hypospadias Patients in Palembang, Indonesia
Views: 1,209Downloads: 816ABSTRACT.
Background. Hypospadias is one of the most common urogenital anomaly in males. The etiology is poorly understood, but is believed to be multifactorial where Intra Uterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is one of the suspected risk factors, leading to low birth weight and low birth length in affected patients.
Objective. This study aims to identify the birth anthropometry characteristics of hypospadias patients who visited RSUP. Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.
Materials and Methods. This was an observational descriptive study with cross sectional design. This study included hypospadias patients with detailed birth characteristics in RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang during the period of 2012-2015.
Results. Out of 106 hypospadias patients, only 19 (17.92%) of them presented with detailed birth characteristics. There were 12 (63,2%) patients with low birth weight and 7 (36,8%) patients with normal birth weight. There were 10 (52,6%) patients with low birth length and 9 (47,4%) patients with normal birth length. The mean birth weight is 2442 grams and the mean birth length is 46,9 centimeters.
Conclusion. The majority of hypospadias patients in this study showed a low birth weight and low birth length, signalling an accordance to the existing theory.
Keywords: Hypospadias, birth anthropometry, characteristics
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Aphrodisiac Effects of Areca Fruit in Erectile Dysfunction Rat Model
Views: 2,278Downloads: 1,327Abstract.
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) cases are quite high in both women and men and increase with age. Areca fruit, ginseng and purwoceng are plants that have been traditionally used to increase male vitality. This in vivo experimental research study with pre and post-test control group design located in the laboratory of animal house and the biomolecular laboratory Faculty of Medicine Sriwijaya University. The subjects of this study were albino rats (Rattus norvegicus), Wistar strains, divided into 6 groups are negative control, Sildenafil, Areca Fruit Extract (AFE) 50 mg/kgBW, AFE 100 mg/kgBW, Combination of Areca Fruit, Ginseng and Purwoceng (AGP) 50 mg/kgBW and AGP 100 mg/kgBW. Female rat was injected by giving 500 mg/100 g of subcutaneous progesterone and 10 μg/100 g of BB benzoate 48 hours before mating so that female mice enter the esterus phase. In this study it was found that Combination of Areca fruit, Ginseng and Purwoceng (AGP) group 50mg/kgBW significantly improved testosterone levels compared to sildenafil, while single areca fruit (AFE) dose 50mg/kgBW increased FSH and LH levels as well as sildenafil statistically.
Keywords: areca fruit, erectile dysfunction, FSH, ginseng, LH, purwoceng, testosteron.
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Geographical Variations of Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) in South Sumatera Region
Views: 2,866Downloads: 915ABSTRACT
Background. Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) is a condition where the development of sex chromosomes, gonads, and/or one’s anatomy is atypical. Its causes are often due to genetic mutations, although some are also linked to environmental risk factors. These multiple aetiologies lead to varied clinical findings, ranging from obvious ambiguous genitals to subtle ones in different regions worldwide, signalling a hint of geographical variability.
Objective. This study wishes to observe the variations of clinical findings of DSD patients geographically in South Sumatera.
Methods. This was an observational study using patients’ medical records in RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Both inpatients and outpatients during five-year period span (2013-2017) with clinical findings suited DSD criteria based on Chicago Consensus in 2006 were included in this study.
Results. One hundred and forty nine patients from cities and regencies in South Sumatera province and other provinces like Jambi, Lampung, Bengkulu, Bangka-Belitung, and even Riau were included in this study. Among sixteen clinical findings identified, hypospadias ranked first (59.06%), both in general, and in each regions as well. When set by side with other regions, Palembang city as the capital city of South Sumatera province displays twelve out of sixteen clinical findings documented in this study, showing a lot more variety.
Conclusion. Every regions show difference clinical findings. Some regions housed clinical findings that were not found in other regions. However, hypospadias is the most commonly found clinical findings in all regions. It is suspected due to its correlation with certain environmental risks, that the occurence of it becomes rather often, compared to other DSD conditions. Future studies considering risk factors involvement in order to elucidate both differences and similarities found in each regions are strongly suggested.
Keywords: Disorders of Sex Development, DSD, Geographical variations, South Sumatera
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Screening A Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion: How precise PCR can be?
Views: 1,236Downloads: 767ABSTRACT
Background. Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion (TRE) in human DNA could lead to various diseases. An expanded CAG repeat (>31 or 37 repeats, depends on the ethnicity) in Androgen Receptor gene is suggested to be associated with the occurrence of isolated hypospadias. In an effort to identify the exact numbers of repeats, sequencing has been the most favored method to be conducted despite its cost.
Objective. This study wished to investigate the possibilities of using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method to screen expanded repeats in isolated hypospadias, as one of the TRE diseases.
Materials and Methods. Numbers of CAG repeat in twelve hypospadias patients and one normal male was first predicted from the visualization of PCR products in 3% agarose gel electrophoreses with 20 bp ladder marker before it was finally sequenced.
Results. Two samples gave the same exact result, while the rest showed a range of 1-11 bp differences. Statistically, there was a significant difference between the mean of CAG repeats from PCR method (M=26.1667, SD=6.71272) and the mean of CAG repeats from sequencing (M=23.75, SD=5.70685); t(11)= 4.570, p=0.001. Furthermore, the sensitivity of PCR was 100% and the specificity was 83.33%.
Conclusion. It can be concluded that PCR method could be used as a screening method in identifying TRE with large numbers of repeats. However, PCR in TRE disease with small numbers of expanded repeats needs to be followed by sequencing in order to obtain the exact numbers of repeats.
Keywords: Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequencing, Isolated Hypospadias
