Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Articles
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Relationship between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio with Diaphragm Thickness in Critical Patients
Views: 1,336Downloads: 961Abstract
Background: The cause of weaning failure is multifactorial. One of the causes was Ventilator Induced Diaphragm Dysfunction (VIDD) due to thinning process of the diaphragm thickness. Decreased diaphragm muscle mass might occur due to inflammatory process.
Methods: The study was an observational analytic study from September 2018 to January 2019 in Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang – Indonesia. Ethical appoval for the study was obtained from Ethics Committee and subjects were recruited after signing the informed consents. Only 30 subjects were involved in the end of the study. About 6 mL of blood sample from cubital vein was withdrawn from each subject to measure neutrophils and lymphocytes. Patients’ diaphragm thickness was measured by using ultrasonography on 0th, 3rd, 5th day. Collected data were then analyzed with STATA 15.
Results: The chi-square test showed that the relationship of NLR (neutophil to lymphocyte ratio) of the 0th day to the decrease in diaphragm thickness on the 3rd day was not significant (p = 0.254), while the decrease in diaphragm thickness on the 5th day was significant (p = 0.015). Subjects with initial NLR values >7 had a significant higher risk of having decreased diaphragm thickness compared to subjects with initial NLR values ​​≤7 (RR = 1.62 (0.99-2.64); p-value = 0.003).
Conclusion: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio affected the decrease of diaphragm thickness in patients using mechanical ventilation.
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The Effectiveness Test of Betel Leaf Ethanol Extract Cream (Piper Betle Linn) Toward Propionibacterium acnes Bacterial Growth
Views: 4,673Downloads: 2,453Background: One of skin diseases that is frequently taking attention among teenagers and young adults is acne or in medical term called acne vulgaris. Acne treatment can be treated by repairing follicular abnormalities, decreasing sebum production, decreasing the number of Propionibacterium acnes colonies and reducing inflammation of the skin. The bacterial population of Propionibacterium acnes can be reduced by giving an antibacterial substance such as erythromycin, clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide. In the treatment of acne we can get antibacterial originating from nature, one of which can be obtained in the secondary metabolism of plants. The extracts and essential oils of betel leaf contain antibacterial and antifungal activities. The effectiveness of the use of betel leaf ethanol extract (Piper betle Linn) in acne treatment can be improved by creating formulations in form of cream preparations. Formulations in cream preparations will affect the amount and speed of active substances that can be absorbed. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of the ethanol extract cream of betel leaf (piper betle linn) cream in formulas with what percentage of active substance has the most-inhibitory effect on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. Methods:The study used experimental research. Propionibacterium acnes samples were diluted in 0.9% physiological NaCl sterile and embedded in Nutrient Agar (NA) media. The media was inserted into an incubator at 37 ° C for 24 hours. The test of antibacterial activity used the disk diffusion method. The antibacterial activity test results were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Product Services Solution (SPSS 17) program with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). Results: The three creams containing betel leaf ethanol extracts at percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% for each had inhibitory zones: 9.8 mm, 15.85 mm, 17.35 mm. Conclusion: Cream that contains 15% active substance has the strongest inhibition.
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Efficacy of Adapalene 0.1% Versus Tretinoin 0.025% Cream as Treatment of Mild Acne Vulgaris
Views: 4,367Downloads: 8,623Abstract
Introduction: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory of the pilosebaceous unit. Topical retinoid is a mainstay of mild AV first-line treatment.
Aim of study: To assess the efficacy of topical retinoid for the treatment of mild AV.
Method: The randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted from June to September 2019 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. A total of 70 mild AV patients who fulfilled inclusion criteria were enroled consecutively. Patients randomly treated with adapalene 0.1% cream or tretinoin 0.025% cream and evaluated every 2 weeks for 8 weeks to examine the number of AV lesion (inflammation, non-inflammation and total lesion).
Result: There are reduction in number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions at both groups but only inflammatory lesion was statistically significant (p <0.05). Total lesions also decrease in adapalene and retinoin group (21.66 vs 5.75, 22.21 vs 7.96, respectively) and statistically significant (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Adapalen 0.1% cream showed non-inferiority to tretinoin 0.025% cream in efficacy, especially in the reduction of non-inflammatory and total lesions.
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The First Look in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Geographical Distribution in National Reference Hospital, South Sumatera Region, Indonesia
Views: 2,849Downloads: 937Background. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized with disorders in cognitive, behaviour, and social interaction. It is estimated to affect 1:160 children worlwide. Despite its increasing trend, the exact cause of it is yet to be known.
Objective. This study wished to identify the geographical distribution of ASD cases in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital as one of the national reference hospitals in Indonesia for South Sumatera region.
Methods. Medical records of the patients who are diagnosed with ASD during 2014-2018 was observed in order to identify the patients’ residential area.
Results. There were 107 patients who were clinically diagnosed of having ASD during 2014-2018 in Dr Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang. Based on its residential area, ASD cases were mostly found in Palembang as the capital city of South Sumatera Province.
Conclusion. ASD is found in small and big cities across the South Sumatera province, implying its common occurrence. The varied prevalence could be signifying the role of different related risk factors identified in the area.
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Raynaud Phenomenon: Diagnosis and Management
Views: 1,756Downloads: 1,592Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is a chronic episodic attack of digital ischemia provoked by exposure to cold or emotional stres. This phenomenon affects 3-5% of the population, with female ratio more than men and is categorized into a primary and secondary form. Primary form of RP is idiopathic, meanwhile the secondary form is associated with underlying diseases and other condition such as connective tissue disease, obstructive arterial disease, neurologic disorders, drugs and toxin, hyperviscosity disorders, infections, endocrine disturbance, neoplasms, and occupation or environmental exposure. Until today, to classified and build the diagnosis of RP is still a clinical challenge. Therefore, a careful history and a physical examination, together with laboratory tests and nailfold capillaroscopy are mandatory. A combination of conservative measures and medications can help in the management of RP. The approach to the RP patients requires therefore a coordinated care of specialists including dermatology.
