Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 4 No. 4 (2020): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Articles
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The Effect of KatG S315t M. Tuberculosis Gene Mutation on Conversion Rate of MDR-TB Patients with Shorter-Course Treatment
Views: 1,443Downloads: 1,137Background. Resistance to the INH drug is most often caused by a mutation of the KatG S315T M.Tb gene. MDR TB treatment with short-term WHO mixes using high-dose INH drugs is considered less effective in this mutation condition because it causes high resistance to INH. The effectiveness of MDR TB treatment can be seen from the sputum smear conversion rate. This study was aimed to determine the effect of the S315T katG gene mutation on the treatment response of patients with MDR TB who received WHO short-term alloys at Dr Moh Hoesin general hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
Method. This study uses observational analytic with a prospective cohort approach. The study subjects were MDR TB patients at Dr Moh Hoesin general hospital, Palembang, Indonesia, and a PCR-RFLP examination was performed to see the katG gene, followed by sputum smear evaluation at the end of the first and second months of treatment to assess the speed of conversion. Data analysis using SPSS 25 with the chi-square statistical test.
Results. The frequency of katG S315T M.Tb gene mutations was 51.85%. The majority of MDR TB sufferers experience rapid conversion (92.59%). 64.29% of the katG S315T gene mutation group experienced sputum smear conversion after one month, 28.57% after two months, and 7.14% after three months of treatment. There was no significant difference in conversion speed in the two groups (p = 0.741).
Conclusion. There was no effect of the S315T M.Tb katG gene mutation on the speed of sputum smear conversion of MDR TB patients who received short-term alloy treatment.
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Fiberoptic Endoscopic Examination of Swallowing (FEES) Evaluation in Post Stroke Patients
Views: 1,452Downloads: 1,080Introduction. Complications caused by post-stroke dysphagia increase the morbidity and mortality of patients. Although it has a significant effect on the functional abilities and worsening of the patient's prognosis, post-stroke dysphagia is still under-noticed and often undiagnosed. The importance of knowing the incidence of post-stroke dysphagia, not only to determine its relationship to the pathology of the disease but also to determine treatment plans or follow-up interventions. This study aims to determine the incidence of FEES findings in post-stroke dysphagia both hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic stroke.
Methods. Forty post-stroke patients in the Inpatient and Outpatient Installation of the THTKL Section and the Neurology Section of Dr. Hospital. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang conducted a FEES examination to see leakage, residue, penetration, and aspiration after being given six different types of food boluses ranging from filter porridge, rice porridge, oatmeal, water, milk, and biscuits. The results of the assessment are recorded and analyzed descriptively.
Results. From 40 research subjects found 25 people experiencing dysphagia, where subjects with non-hemorrhagic stroke types were 21 people (52.5%), while hemorrhagic stroke types were four people (10%). The occurrence of leakage of filter porridge was 5 findings, leakage of rice porridge was eight findings, oatmeal leakage, water, and milk were seven findings each, and biscuit leakage was two findings. The incidence of filtered pulp residues was 12 findings, rice porridge residues were 14 findings, oatmeal residues were 15 findings, water and milk residues were five findings each, and biscuit residues were eight findings. The incidence of penetration of filter porridge, rice porridge, and biscuits was one finding each, oatmeal penetration was not found, while water and milk penetration were six events each. The aspirations of filter porridge, rice porridge, oatmeal, and biscuits were not found, while water and milk aspirations were seven findings.
Conclusion. The incidence of dysphagia in post-stroke patients both hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic in the Inpatient and Outpatient Installation of the THTKL Section and the Neurology Section of the Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang Palembang is quite high at 62.5%. The occurrence of food residues is the most FEES findings. While aspirations are the fewest findings.
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The Role of Peer-group Influence and Neurobiological Factors in Internet Gaming Disorder
Views: 1,405Downloads: 1,240Abstract
Internet game disorder (IGD) is characterized as an excessive and uncontrolled game designed for functional problems or difficulties. During the last discussion, uncontrolled internet games have resulted in public health and social problems around the world. Although brave games are more accessible in young adulthood, brave game disturbances are more experienced by teens. Teenagers and young adults are strong predictors of overcoming the challenges of online game addiction, besides peer-group factors in adolescents, and neurobiological factors that influence the influence of internet gaming disorders. This literature review will discuss the influence of peer groups and neurobiological factors that underlie the expenditure of internet games in their teens.
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Are Parent Education Level Have Influence to Choose First Facility / Helper for Fracture in Children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Views: 1,087Downloads: 837Introduction: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) disease can develop fractures with or without trauma. Initial management of fracture cases depends on the patients' parents and it may affect the results. Various kinds of factors can influence parents' decision making in health issues, one of which is the level of education.
Methods: This research was conducted by analyzing the results of the questionnaire for the parental education level. Patients that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were part of the study from January to March 2020.
Results: The data showed that 38 (31%), 31 (26%), 29 (24%), and 23 (19%) patients were treated by bonesetters, hospitals, primary health care centers, and private clinics. There were 38 (31%) parents who took their children to bonesetters, mostly have intermediate education level. Mostly parents with high level of education bring their children treated in hospitals (49%). There was a significant correlation between their education level (P = 0.000) regarding decision making in the first fracture case.
Conclusion: The parents' educational level of patients diagnosed with OI affects decision making in determining the first treatment facility for managing cases of fracture.
Practice Implication : Parental education level plays an important role in making appropriate decisions for medical treatment
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Comparison of Phenolic Glycolipid 1 Antibody Levels in Household Contacts of Pausibasilary and Multibacilary Patients
Views: 1,043Downloads: 1,239Abstract
Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae). Distribution of leprosy cases in the world in 2015 was highest in the Southeast Asia region, with 156,118 cases. The increase in new cases and the high prevalence of leprosy requires action to break the chain of transmission. Household contact groups are easy to identify by the research group, because the group has good reasons for examining or getting chemoprophylaxis.
Objectives: Our objective was to compare Phenolic Glycolipid 1 (PGL-1) antibody levels in household contacts of pausibasilary (PB) and multibacilary (MB) patients.
Methods: This study was a analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. ELISA examination will be conducted at the Leprosy Laboratory of the Institute of Tropical Diseases, Airlangga University, Surabaya. The study was conducted from 3 December 2019 to 31 January 2020, with a total sample of 60 samples.
Resuls: PGL-1 antibodies in MB leprosy household contact were greater than PGL-1 antibodies in PB leprosy household contact, and the results showed statistically significant (p = 0.011).
Conclusions: There are differences in the levels of PGL-1 antibodies between household contact PB leprosy patients and MB. The household contact PGL-1 antibody levels in MB leprosy are greater than PB leprosy.
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Prevention of Irritant Contact Dermatitis Due to Hand Hygiene in The Era of COVID 19 Pandemic
Views: 2,715Downloads: 5,173Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is an inflammatory epidermal disorder associated with physical or immunological provocation that results in impaired skin barrier. The prevalence of ICD is found to be 17-30% in healthcare workers compared to general population. The first-line management strategies of ICD is based on prevention. Intensive hand cleansing is one of the causes of ICD. Hand hygiene is general term that refers to any action of hand cleansing. Hand hygiene practices include hand washing and hand rubbing with antiseptics. Hand hygiene is the most effective preventive measure in preventing infection control, especially in the era of coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since December 2019. This disease is transmitted through inhalation or contact with infected droplets. Prevention and mitigation actions are key in controlling infection.
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Efficacy of Lidocaine and Ketamine Combination on Reduction of Pain Intensity, Improvement of Functional State and Central Desensitization of Chronic Low Back Pain
Views: 1,484Downloads: 3,411Abstract
Background: Chronic low back pain (LBP) prevalence is approximately 20% of world population. Central and peripheral sensitization are considered as the main mechanism of pain chronification. This study hypothesize that lidocaine and ketamine combination reduces pain intensity, improves functional state and central desensitization of chronic low back pain. It is by modulating central sensitization in sub-anesthetic dose, prolonging inactivation of Na-channel, blocking NMDA-receptor and preventing secondary hyperalgesia.
Aim of study: To evaluate the efficacy of lidocaine and ketamine combination on the intensity of pain, functional state and central desensitization of chronic low back pain.
Methods:. This double blind randomized control trial study was carried out in Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia from May 2018 to January 2019. A total of 20 patients with low back pain that last for more than 3 months, aged >18 years old, of either sex who were willing to be enrolled in this study, were randomly allocated into one of the two groups of 10 each. The treatment group (n=10) received standardized therapy (analgesic and physiotherapy) + intravenous ketamine 0.5 mg/kg + lidocaine 2 mg/kg and the control group (n=10) received standardized therapy + 100 ml Nacl 0.9%. Pain intensity, functional state, and central desensitization were measured before the treatment, day 7 after treatment, and a month after treatment using Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Functional Pain Scale (FPS), and Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI).
Results: The administration of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg + lidocaine 2 mg/kg resulted in NPRS and CSI changes was effective since the 7th day post intervention (p-value=0.021 and p-value=0.001) while on FPS changes, it was effective since the 30th day post intervention (p-value=0.000)
Conclusion: From the result, it could be concluded that the administration of ketamine and lidocaine is effective on decreasing pain intensity and central desensitization in chronic LBP.
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Factors Affecting Bisphosphonate Therapy Compliance In Patients With Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Views: 1,057Downloads: 24,181BACKGROUND: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disease with clinical manifestations in patients' bones. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence the compliance of bisphosphonate in patients with OI.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis method was conducted and data were obtained from questionnaires answered by OI patients that received bisphosphonate. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using chi-square.
RESULTS: There were 121 OI patients, age range 0-5 years (62%). Almost all patients have insurance from national health (BPJS). In this study, the average treatment compliance was 81.7%, and patients were reported to have good medication compliance of ≥80% of the treatment cycle, which was shown in 65 patients (53.7%). However, there is a relationship between parent education and treatment compliance (P = 0.046).
DISCUSSION: It is a measurement of behavior related to treatment recommendations by medical professionals. On the contrary, the level of non-compliance patients with chronic disease to treatment is quite high.
CONCLUSION: Good treatment compliance describes when the patient performs ≥80% of its cycle. Factors affecting it are the condition of the patient and the location of health services. Therefore, there is a relationship between compliance with the number of treatment cycles.
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Risk Factors of Congenital Anomalies in South Sumatera Indonesia
Views: 1,447Downloads: 1,479Abstract
Introduction. Congenital anomaly is one of the leading causes of neonatal death. It is the third leading cause of neonatal death in Indonesia. More than half of all congenital anomalies can’t be related to a specific cause, suggesting multiple risk factors. This study aims to identify patterns and risk factors of congenital anomalies in RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang.
Methods. This observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional design used 100 patients’ medical records, taken at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang, as samples. Missing data were complemented with a phone interview. Samples were picked using a proportional random sampling method. Collected data were counted within each category of congenital anomalies.
Results. There were 366 neonatal patients diagnosed with congenital anomalies at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang in 2015. The most prevalent (44,8%) congenital anomalies belonged to congenital anomalies of the digestive system, followed by congenital anomalies of the circulatory system (18,6%), and cleft lip/palate (11,5%). Following risk factors were found: the history of maternal active or passive smoking (41%), maternal exposure to chemicals or solvents (31%), family member with congenital anomalies of the same category (27%), maternal drug consumption (26%), maternal infection (22%), maternal diabetes mellitus (4%), and maternal hypertension (4%).
Conclusion. History of maternal active or passive smoking was the most frequently found risk factors among patients of congenital anomalies.
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Functional Outcome After Neglected Injury In Pediatric Softball Players Measured By Quickdash Score
Views: 1,076Downloads: 853A B S T R A C T
Introduction : Pediatric softball players are prone to get injured as a result of high forces motions, with improper technique. Low communication and school-age often leads the injury became neglected. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of Neglected injury in pediatric softball players in Bandung during a single season year of 2019. Method : The study was conducted in softball clubs in Bandung. The inclusion is the softball players aged 18 years old or below, grouped into; (1)never injured, (2)neglected injury by non-professional/traditional massage, and (3)untreated neglected injury/rest only. The samples were evaluated with the Quick Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand outcome questionnaire (QuickDASH). Data was analyzed with Anova test. Result : Among the 50 players, aged from 12 to 18 years old, 36 players (72%) were at group 1, 8 players (16%) were at group 2 and 6 players (12%) were at group 3. Most site of injuries for group 2 are at shoulder (62,5%) and group 3 are at elbow (66,6%). Significant differrences were identified between three groups with p=0.001. The highest quickDASH score are in group 2 (38,6), and the lowest are in group 1 (0,0). Conclussion : All of the quickDASH Score in this group of age are categorized in mild difficulty. Those whom treated by non-professional has lower functional outcome compared to never injured and untreated injured players.
