Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 6 No. 16 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Articles
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The Effect of Acemannan Hydrogel on Collagen Expression in Gingival Tissue of Diabetes Mellitus Animal Model
Views: 901Downloads: 528Background: Diabetes mellitus is a comorbid disease that greatly interferes with the process of wound healing, including injuries to the gingival tissue. The Aloe vera plant, or Aloe vera, is one of Indonesia's natural wealth, which is often found and has been widely used by the community in overcoming various health problems, including to treat various wounds. This study aims to explore the potential of hydrogen acemannan to repair gingival tissue in rats with diabetes mellitus.
Methods: An in vivo experimental study using 24 Wistar rats grouped into 4 groups (negative control, 25%, 50%, and 75% acemannan hydrogel). Collagen density was assessed histologically semiquantitatively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods.
Results: The administration of acemannan hydrogel showed an increase in the collagen density score along with an increase in the concentration of acemannan hydrogel. Administration of 25%, 50%, and 75% acemannan hydrogel showed significant differences in the collagen density score compared to the group that did not receive acemannan hydrogel treatment, p<0.05.
Conclusion: Acemannan hydrogel application can increase collagen density in gingival tissue of diabetes mellitus animal model.
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Relationship between Molecular Subtype, Degree of Differentiation, and Lymph Node Metastasis with Survival of Breast Cancer Patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Views: 649Downloads: 541Background: Breast cancer has the highest incidence of all cancers in women worldwide. A molecular subtype of breast cancer, degree of differentiation, and lymph node metastasis are prognostic and predictive factors of breast cancer. This study aims to explore the relationship between molecular subtype, degree of differentiation, and lymph node metastasis with overall survival and disease-free survival of breast cancer patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang.
Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a retrospective cohort approach using secondary data from 68 subjects. The test variables in this study were the molecular subtype of breast cancer, the degree of differentiation, and lymph node metastasis which were obtained from secondary data and medical records. Another test variable is patient survival, namely overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Data analysis with the help of SPSS software in univariate, bivariate, and multivariate.
Results: Patients with lymph node metastases were 7.94 times more likely to experience an event (death) (HR=7.94 95% CI: 0.91–78.2). Patients with lymph node metastases were 10.2 times more likely to experience an event (recurrence) (HR=10.2 95% CI: 1.03–101.1).
Conclusion: Lymph node metastases are the factors most related to survival (overall survival and disease-free survival) of breast cancer patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
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Relationship of Parathyroid Hormone Levels with Uremic Neuropathy in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Views: 630Downloads: 480Background: Parathyroid hormone is known as one of the main uremic toxicants, which, if the amount increases in plasma, will affect motor conduction in patients with chronic kidney disease. This study aims to determine the relationship between Parathyroid hormone levels with uremic neuropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach, where as many as 42 subjects participated in this study. Data analysis was performed using SPSS using univariate and bivariate, with p<0.05.
Results: There was a difference in the average thyroid hormone levels in neuropathy and without neuropathy, but statistically, it was not different p>0.05.
Conclusion: There is no relationship between parathyroid hormone and uremic neuropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Correlation of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) Values to Ejection Fraction, Fraction Shortening, and E/A Ratio in Children with Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Views: 640Downloads: 515Background: Monitoring the performance of the cardiac function is a must in monitoring patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Echocardiography is the main diagnostic tool that plays a role in monitoring heart function, but the existence of this tool is only in tertiary health services and generally requires special expertise. This study aims to determine the correlation between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and markers of cardiac function performance on echocardiography, namely ejection fraction, fraction shortening, and E/A ratio in children with rheumatic heart disease at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
Methods: This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 34 subjects were included in this study. Data analysis using SPSS was univariate and bivariate, with p<0.05.
Results: There was a correlation between the NLR value and the echocardiographic ejection fraction (EF) parameter (p>0.05) with a very weak correlation strength, while the correlation between the NLR value and the FS echocardiography parameter (p<0.05), the direction of the correlation formed is positive with a strong correlation weak (r=0.388). As for the correlation of NLR values with echocardiographic parameters E/A (p<0.05), the direction of the correlation formed was positive with a weak correlation strength (r=0.353).
Conclusion: There is a weak correlation between NLR values with FS and E/A echocardiographic parameters and no correlation between NLR and EF echocardiographic parameters in rheumatic heart disease patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
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Overview of Bilateral Retinoblastoma at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Views: 560Downloads: 451Background: Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular primary malignant tumor in children. In the United States, cases of retinoblastoma are estimated to be found in 1 in 18,000 children under 5 years. The incidence of retinoblastoma ranges from 1:14.00 to 1:34.000 live births. The highest incidence occurs in developing countries. This study aimed to provide a clinical picture of bilateral retinoblastoma at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, as basic data for further policy-making in order to optimize services related to the management of bilateral retinoblastoma.
Methods: This study was a descriptive observational study with 29 study subjects. Sociodemographic, clinical, and management data are presented descriptively. Data analysis was performed with the help of SPSS software version 25.
Results: Based on the age group, the majority of bilateral retinoblastoma cases were less than 5 years old, with the most age range being 3-4 years. The majority of therapeutic management for cases of bilateral retinoblastoma is exenteration in combination with chemotherapy.
Conclusion: A combination of surgery and chemotherapy is the most frequently used treatment for bilateral retinoblastoma at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
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Comparison of Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients Installed with Mechanical Ventilation Performed Early and Late Tracheostomy at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang
Views: 562Downloads: 425Background: Tracheostomy is an alternative that is widely used as airway access after the use of a ventilator in the care of critically ill patients. Several factors are known to influence the outcome in patients undergoing tracheostomy. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of critically ill patients installed with mechanical ventilation performed early and late tracheostomy in Dr. M Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 97 research subjects participated in this study. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software in a univariate and bivariate manner between tracheostomy time (early and late) with patient outcomes in the form of death and length of stay.
Results: There was a statistical difference in the mortality rate in critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation performed early and late tracheostomy, p = 0.014. There is a statistical difference in the length of stay in the intensive care unit in critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation performed early and late tracheostomy with p = 0.000.
Conclusion: There are differences in outcomes in the form of mortality and length of stay in critically ill patients who have tracheostomy installed at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang, Indonesia.
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Comparison of Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnancy with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Planned Referrals Compared to Emergency Referrals Based on the Maternal Fetal Triage Index at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
Views: 762Downloads: 414Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that attacks the skin and the musculoskeletal, kidney, neuropsychiatric, hematological, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and reproductive systems. In pregnancies with SLE, early referral to the hospital with the involvement of obstetricians and rheumatologists, and other specialists as needed, as well as individual management plans, regular reviews, and early recognition of flares and complications, are important. This study aimed to determine the differences in maternal and perinatal outcomes referred by planned referrals compared to emergency referrals, especially in pregnant patients with SLE.
Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a retrospective cohort approach. A total of 40 subjects participated in this study. Data analysis using SPSS software was carried out univariate and bivariate to examine the relationship between types of referrals and maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Results: There were significant differences between the types of emergency referrals and planned referrals in the variable incidence of preeclampsia and SLE exacerbations. There were no significant differences between the types of emergency referrals and planned referrals on the variable incidence of lupus nephritis, maternal death, premature delivery, fetal growth restriction, fetal death, and the incidence of neonatal lupus syndrome.
Conclusion: The incidence of severe preeclampsia and SLE exacerbation was lower in planned referrals compared to emergency referrals in pregnant patients with SLE at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia.
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Diagnosis and Management of Mirizzi Syndrome Related to Gallstones: A Narrative Literature Review
Views: 971Downloads: 617Mirizzi syndrome (MS) is a rare condition caused by compression of the common hepatic duct due to gallstones located in the cystic duct or neck of the gallbladder. Biliary pain, jaundice, and fever are the most common clinical manifestations of MS. Patients usually report a history of biliary pain with jaundice. There are no pathognomonic features in the history and physical examination. Patients may also come with acute cholecystitis, acute cholangitis, or pancreatitis. In cases where MS is suspected, the diagnosis can be made by ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Surgery is the main treatment for cases of MS and is a challenge because preoperative diagnosis is difficult, thus impacting management during surgery. This literature review aimed to describe the features of MS related to gallstones and management options.
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Profile of Side Effects of Chemotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (NSCLC) Undergoing Chemotherapy at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Views: 1,283Downloads: 618Background: Chemotherapy is one of the treatment options for lung cancer at any stage. Side effects due to chemotherapy are still a problem in the treatment of lung cancer patients. Chemotherapy drugs have different side effects according to their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. This study aimed to determine the side effects of both hematological and non-hematological chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated at the lung ward of Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, from 2017 to 2019.
Methods: This was a descriptive observational study, a total of 42 study subjects. The study subjects were non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing first-line chemotherapy. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software in a univariate manner.
Results: The study subjects were mostly male (85.36%), the age range of 40-60 years (66.67%), at risk of exposure from work (45.23%), smokers (59.52%), had a history of pulmonary TB (11.9%), history of COPD (2.38%), history of malignancy of other organs (2.38%) with the most cell type being adenocarcinoma (54.76%). The most common hematological side effects were first-degree anemia (21.43%) and first-degree leukopenia (21.43%). The most non-hematological side effects were first-degree alopecia (90.48%), followed by first-degree nausea and vomiting (78.57%).
Conclusion: Chemotherapy side effects were found in all regimens given with mild degrees. The side effects obtained were in the form of hematological and non-hematological side effects.
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Pulmonary Embolism: A Narrative Literature Review
Views: 1,426Downloads: 1,130Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a pulmonary emergency that is quite common with various clinical manifestations, from asymptomatic to life-threatening. The incidence of pulmonary embolism is reported to be 1 per 1000 population, with 50,000 deaths per year. Making the diagnosis is difficult because the symptoms vary widely in each patient. Management of acute pulmonary embolism is carried out with a systematic approach involving early intervention, patient risk stratification, selection of therapy, and determination of the length of treatment.
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Cost of Treating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients in Hospitals and Influencing Factors: A Systematic Literature Review
Views: 614Downloads: 349Background: Increasing beds for COVID-19 patients is not a simple matter for hospitals because hospitals cannot directly increase the number of existing beds due to limited facilities, infrastructure, equipment, and resources. Careful calculations are needed in terms of preparing the room and treating COVID patients, especially the estimated costs needed to treat COVID patients in the hospital. This expenditure is important so that it can be an illustration of the hospital how much expenditure is needed. This study aimed to determine the number of costs incurred for treating COVID-19 patients in hospitals and the factors that influence these costs.
Methods: This study was conducted by systematic literature review using the PRISMA statement conducted May-June 2021. An article search was conducted on Pubmed, Scopus, Proquest, and Google Scholar with the inclusion criteria, namely research related to the cost of treating COVID-19 patients in hospitals and the factors that influence the amount of these costs.
Results: A systematic search obtained six articles. Studies vary greatly in study design and perspective included in the cost category. Estimated costs for COVID-19 care range from $63/day to $2,990/day. Factors that affect the cost of care include age, previous medical history, degree of infection or severity of COVID-19, length of stay, place of care, and need for a ventilator.
Conclusion: There is a considerable economic burden associated with the incident of COVID-19. Several factors affect the cost of COVID-19, namely the length of the treatment period and the need for intensive rooms and ventilators.
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The Role of Galectin-3 in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Narrative Literature Review
Views: 552Downloads: 735Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a protein, namely a lectin, that binds to beta galactosides. Gal-3 has been shown to be related to the process of fibrosis, classification of atherosclerosis, and cardiac remodeling. Gal-3 regulation is known to be involved in the process of atherogenesis. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Oxidation increases Gal-3 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Gal-3 also induces fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells to proliferate and produce fibrosis-related proteins in the extracellular matrix. Inhibition of Gal-3 can reduce the atherosclerotic process and reduce the progression of plaque formation. Gal-3 also induces fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells to proliferate and produce fibrosis-related proteins in the extracellular matrix. Inhibition of Gal-3 can reduce the atherosclerotic process and reduce the progression of plaque formation. Several clinical trials have focused on the role of Gal-3 in acute myocardial infarction patients showing that Gal-3 is upregulated. In these patients. This literature review aims to describe the role of Gal-3 in acute myocardial infarction.
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Comparison of SARS-CoV2 IgG Antibody Levels in Health Workers with and without a History of COVID-19 Infection after Heterologous Vaccination at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia
Views: 613Downloads: 328Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, which has spread very quickly, has created crises in all aspects of life around the world. The administration of the COVID-19 heterologous vaccine in Indonesia is prioritized for high-risk groups, one of which is health workers. This study aimed to determine the comparison of quantitative IgG antibody levels for SARS CoV2 between health workers with and without a history of being infected with COVID-19 after heterology vaccination at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic observational study. A total of 64 subjects participated in this study. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software in univariate and bivariate.
Results: SARS-CoV2 IgG antibody levels with and without a history of being infected with COVID-19 after heterologous vaccination did not find a significant difference in IgG levels between the two groups. However, the quantitative IgG levels of SARS-CoV2 in the infected history group were greater, namely 4834.25 AU/mL, compared to no history of COVID-19 infection of 3833.35 AU/mL
Conclusion: There is a difference in the average SARS-CoV 2 IgG between subjects with a history of being infected with COVID-19 and without a history of COVID-19 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia, although statistically, it is not significantly different.
