Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 6 No. 17 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Articles
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The Relationship between Menstrual Patterns and Pain Scale in Endometriosis Patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia
Views: 752Downloads: 934Background: Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the presence of tissue resembling the endometrium (uterine lining) outside the uterus. This causes a chronic inflammatory reaction that can result in the formation of scar tissue in the pelvis and other parts of the body. Pain is the most common clinical complaint in cases of endometriosis. Pain during menstruation is often confused with pain due to endometriosis, so treatment delays often occur. This study aimed to determine the relationship between menstrual patterns and pain in endometriosis patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
Methods: This was cross-sectional analytic observational study. A total of 55 research subjects participated in this study. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS version 25 software in univariate and bivariate.
Results: Menstrual cycle, duration, color, and volume of menstrual blood are not related to pain intensity in endometriosis patients.
Conclusion: There is no relationship between menstrual patterns and pain in endometriosis patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
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The Profile of Ocular Fibrous Histiocytoma Tumors at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Views: 649Downloads: 439Background: Ocular fibrous histiocytoma tumors originate from histiocytic cells or primitive mesenchymal cells. A fibrous histiocytoma is basically composed of a mixture of fibroblastic cells, histiocytes, blood vessels, and collagen in various proportions. This study aimed to determine the profile of ocular fibrous histiocytoma tumors at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was a descriptive observational study. A total of 8 research subjects participated in this study. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS version 24 software, and univariate analysis was carried out.
Results: The majority of subjects were female, with an age range of 41-60 years. The clinical symptoms felt by patients are the presence of a mass. The majority of study subjects had disease onset < 6 months, and tumor sizes were 1-5 cm. The majority of tumor locations are on the eyelid, and the histopathologic overview shows xanthelasma and dermatofibromas. Excision therapy is the therapy for the majority of research subjects.
Conclusion: Most types of fibrous histiocytoma tumors at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, are benign type and locally aggressive.
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Overview of Risk Factors for Toddlers with Congenital Heart Disease Suffering from Pneumonia at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Views: 867Downloads: 561Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) includes structural and non-structural abnormalities that arise from birth. Disorders of the circulatory system can also affect the respiratory system, causing symptoms and disturbances that similar to primary respiratory disease. This study aimed to describe the risk factors for toddlers with congenital heart disease who suffer from pneumonia at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
Methods: Descriptive observational study using secondary data. A total of 58 research subjects participated in the study. The research subjects met the inclusion criteria in the form of patients who had been diagnosed with congenital heart disease, aged 29 days – 60 months, and were treated at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software univariately.
Results: The majority of patients with various age levels have a cured outcome. The majority of subjects with medium and high parental education had a greater recovery percentage than subjects with low parental education. Subjects with medium and high socioeconomic status had a greater percentage of recovery outcomes than subjects with low socioeconomic status. The majority of subjects with normal nutritional status and normal birth weight had a higher percentage of recovered outcomes than those who died. The history of DPT immunization and the type of congenital heart disease did not show a large percentage difference between patients who recovered and died. History of measles immunization and leukocytosis showed a greater percentage of patients with cured outcomes than death outcomes.
Conclusion: CHD patients with pneumonia are under 1 year old, male, come from families with low-medium socioeconomic status, low-medium educational level, and malnutrition status have worse patient outcomes.
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Differences in Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Valvular and Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Views: 882Downloads: 414Background: There is an increasing global prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), including in Indonesia. Based on the presence of mitral stenosis and/or prosthetic valve, AF is divided into two groups, namely valvular AF and non-valvular AF. The differences in clinical characteristics between valvular and non-valvular AF in Indonesia, especially in Semarang, have not been described. This study aimed to determine the differences in clinical characteristics between valvular and non-valvular AF in Semarang.
Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design and was performed in July-August 2020. The subjects were 54 AF patients, which were divided into two categories, namely valvular (n=28) and non-valvular (n=26) AF. The data were collected from medical records. The differences between the two groups were analyzed with bivariate analysis.
Results: The patients with valvular AF were predominantly female (82.1% vs 69.2%; p <0.001), of a younger age (46.54 ± 12.20 vs 61.04 ± 8.68; p <0.001), more likely to have rheumatic heart disease (46.4% vs 3.8%; p <0.001), and have had heart surgery (57.1% vs 0%; p <0.001). The patients with non-valvular AF were more likely to have hypertension (17.9% vs 80.8%; p <0.001), myocardial infarction (0% vs 19.2%; p = 0.021), dyslipidemia (7.1% vs. 42.3%; p = 0.003), and higher BMI (21.03 ± 4.16 vs 25.48 ± 4.20; p <0.001). The INR values in most of the AF patients have not reached the target. The valvular AF patients were more likely to be taking warfarin (100% vs 80,8%, p=0,021) and diuretic therapy (96,4% vs 57,7%, p=0,001).
Conclusion: There are significant demographic and clinical characteristics differences between valvular and non-valvular AF.
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Risk Factors for Uterine Atony in Postpartum Hemorrhage Patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia
Views: 1,893Downloads: 2,046Background: Uterine atony can be life-threatening for a pregnant woman in labor and bleeding after delivery. It is important to explore the risk factors that can cause uterine atony in order to detect it early and take preventive measures. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for causing uterine atony in postpartum hemorrhage patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a case-control approach. A total of 52 subjects (13 case group subjects and 39 control group subjects) participated in this study. Risk factor analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS version 25 in univariate and bivariate.
Results: Maternal age at delivery is associated with the risk of uterine atony in postpartum hemorrhage patients. Mothers aged less than 20 years or more than 35 years are at risk of experiencing uterine atony by 5.8 times more at risk than mothers aged 20-35 years. The risk factors for parity, prolonged labor, macrosomia, gemelli, hydramnios, induction of labor, history of postpartum hemorrhage, and type of delivery were not associated with uterine atony in postpartum hemorrhage patients, p>0.05.
Conclusion: The age of delivery of mothers who are less than 20 years or more than 35 years is a risk factor for uterine atony in postpartum hemorrhage patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
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Effects of Fluoride Exposure During Pregnancy in Mice Brain Neurogenesis (Mus musculus)
Views: 889Downloads: 633Background: Fluoride is a type of micromineral found in teeth and bones. This mineral is also found in nature, such as in soil, water, plants, rocks, and even air. Fluoride can cross the placental barrier and diffuse into the cord blood, with a range from 60% to 91% of maternal fluoride. Maternal fluoride exposure during pregnancy and lactation can affect learning ability, memory, and expression of glutamate receptors. This study aimed to determine the effect of fluoride exposure during pregnancy and lactation on brain neurogenesis in vivo.
Methods: In vivo, experimental study using mice (Mus musculus) C57BL/6 as many as 60 brood mice (20 males and 40 females) and as many as 30 offspring mice. Mice broodstock were first mated to produce offspring. During pregnancy, the female mice were exposed to fluoride (NaF). Exposure of broodstock mice to NaF was divided into 0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 150 mg/L exposure groups. Expression of PSD-95 protein was carried out by immunohistochemical examination of mouse brain tissue. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS using univariate and bivariate methods.
Results: There was a decrease in the expression of PSD-95 with increasing exposure to NaF doses during pregnancy and lactation. Giving NaF at a dose of 50 mg/L did not decrease PSD-95 expression because the results were not different from the control. In contrast, the administration of NaF doses that can reduce the expression of PSD-95 are doses of 100 and 150 mg/L.
Conclusion: Fluoride exposure during pregnancy contributed to a decrease in mice brain neurogenesis, as indicated by the expression of the PSD-95 protein in the hippocampus area.
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Familial Lamellar Ichthyosis in 6 Years Old and 2 Years Old Children: A Rare Case Report
Views: 954Downloads: 709Background: Lamellar ichthyosis (LI) is a rare non-syndromic congenital ichthyosis and is autosomal recessive. LI patients are generally born with abnormalities of keratinization, then develop into lamellar scales and persist into adulthood. This study aimed to describe cases of lamellar ichthyosis and provide appropriate management to prevent worsening patient prognosis.
Case presentation: A 6-year-old girl and her younger brother, 2-year-old have been complaining of scaly skin all over their bodies since birth. Both patients were born with a history of being covered by a collodion membrane. On physical examination, thick and wide lamellar scales were seen with an erythematous base and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Ectropion of the eyelids, eclabium in the mouth area, and microtia in the ears were seen. The results of the dermoscopy examination showed brownish quadrilateral structures with white scales forming a lamellar pattern. Laboratory examination showed vitamin D insufficiency. Both patients were referred to the Pediatric Polyclinic regarding insufficiency and developmental complaints. Patients received therapy in the form of moisturizers, artificial eye drops, topical urea as a keratolytic, and oral vitamin D 2,000 IU per day. There was a clinical improvement after 3 months of treatment.
Conclusion: Lamellar ichthyosis is an autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis with clinical manifestations limited to the skin. In a minority of cases, LI can be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Thorough management is necessary to prevent a poor prognosis in patients.
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Overview of the Characteristics of Meningocele Patients at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
Views: 599Downloads: 355Background: Meningocele is a medical condition where there is a defect in the spinal area, which allows protrusion of cerebrospinal fluid through the defect. Although epidemiologically, this case is relatively small, given the potential for high morbidity and mortality caused by this disorder, it becomes urgent for further exploration regarding meningocele. This study aimed to provide a clinical picture of meningocele patients at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia.
Methods: This study was a descriptive observational study. A total of 12 meningocele patients participated in this study. Observation of clinical data and management of meningocele patients was carried out in this study. Univariate analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software.
Results: The mean age of the patients when they were first treated was 533 days, and the average age when they were first operated on was 191.5 days. Meningocele patients have an average hospital stay of 16.5 days. The majority of patients are male. The majority of meningocele patients have congenital limb anomalies. The majority of patients have a neural tube defect located in the lumbosacral region. The majority of meningocele patients have no infectious complications, and the majority receive VP-shunt placement.
Conclusion: Meningocele patients at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia, mostly have an overview of the location of neural tube defects in the lumbosacral region and have complications of limb anomaly.
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The Effect of Red Okra Fruit Extract (Abelmoschus esculentus) on Lactobacillus acidophilus Growth
Views: 751Downloads: 525Background: Dental caries occupies the top rank of dental and oral diseases that many Indonesians complain about. Dental caries is caused by Lactobacillus acidophilus. One of the latest treatments for caries disorders is by giving mouthwash. Mouthwash currently circulating, almost all contain chlorhexidine as the main ingredient. However, there are side effects from using chlorhexidine for a long period of time, namely discoloration of the teeth, which cannot be removed simply by brushing the teeth. Red okra fruit contains flavonoids which are useful as antibacterial. This study aimed to determine the potential of red okra fruit extract (Abelmoschus esculentus) as an antibacterial against Lactobacillus acidophilus in vitro.
Methods: In vitro experimental studies. A total of 28 petri dishes contained bacterial cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus grouped into 7 groups consisting of 2 control groups and 5 treatment groups of red okra fruit extract concentration of 10% -50%. Inhibition zone diameter analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS software using univariate and bivariate methods.
Results: The group that received chlorhexidine showed the highest ability to produce the largest diameter of the inhibition zone compared to all treatment groups. Along with increasing the dose of red okra fruit extract, the ability of okra fruit extract to increase in producing a larger diameter of the inhibition zone.
Conclusion: Red okra fruit extract shows effectiveness as an antibacterial Lactobacillus acidophilus and increases the extract's concentration.
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Comparison of Post Vaccination Antibody Levels for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) between Survivors and Non-Survivors of COVID-19
Views: 702Downloads: 382Background: The COVID-19 vaccine is useful for protecting the body by causing or stimulating specific immunity in the body. COVID-19 survivors are a group of individuals who have been exposed to COVID-19 and have successfully recovered from COVID-19 infection. Exposure to COVID-19 causes the activation of memory cells and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. In contrast to individuals who have never been exposed to COVID-19, the bodies of individuals who are not COVID-19 survivors have not had the experience of exposure to COVID-19, which causes the absence of memory cells and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. This study is one of the first studies to explore differences in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels in survivors and non-survivors of COVID-19 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
Methods: This was an analytic observational study with a cohort approach. A total of 136 research subjects participated in this study. Observation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels was carried out before vaccination, weeks 2, 12, and 24. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS univariate and bivariate.
Results: The COVID-19 survivors group consistently from the time they were vaccinated, weeks 2, 12, and 24 showed a relatively higher average anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level than the non-COVID-19 survivors' group. The group of survivors of COVID-19 shows a trend of decreasing average anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels over time. In contrast to the non-survivor group of COVID-19, which showed a trend of increasing anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels.
Conclusion: There were differences in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels between the COVID-19 survivor group and non-survivor COVID-19 group at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.
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The Difference of Lens Thickness in Acute and Chronic Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma
Views: 846Downloads: 499Background: Lens thickness is one of the factors that influence the mechanism of acute primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). The thicker lens usually results in a shallower anterior chamber angle (ACA), and the gradual and progressive increase in lens thickness with age results in exaggerated shallowing of the ACA. Because lens thickness has an important role in acute PACG mechanism, prophylactic treatment like lens extraction might prevent PACG in early stages. This study aimed to describe the difference in lens thickness in acute and chronic PACG.
Methods: The research was a cross-sectional study with samples conducted in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital from September-December 2019. The number of eyes that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were 50 eyes from 50 patients consisting of 25 eyes with acute PACG and 25 eyes with chronic PACG. Subjects were examined with ocular biometry using A-scan biometry to evaluate lens thickness. Data were processed and analyzed using a computer program with a chi-square test.
Results: Mean of lens thickness in acute PACG is 5.02 ± 0.45, while in chronic PACG is 4.86 ± 0.40. The difference in lens thickness in acute and chronic PACG were statistically significant (p = 0,037).
Conclusion: Lens thickness is thicker in acute PACG than in chronic PACG.
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Self-Perceived Effect of Halitosis Related to Awareness of Maintaining Dental and Oral Health on Mask Use During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Views: 635Downloads: 409Background: The use of masks which have become part of daily activities during the pandemic, of course, causes various impacts, one of which is related to dental and oral health. The use of masks raises awareness of oral health because unhealthy teeth and mouth cause bad breath (halitosis). This study aimed to determine self-perceived halitosis related to awareness of oral health in using masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in the youth generation.
Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 80 research subjects were included in this study. Participant inclusion criteria were new undergraduate students at the Faculty of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia and were willing to participate in the study. This study made observations about self-perceived halitosis related to wearing masks. Observations were carried out by interviews using online social media applications. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25.
Results: The majority of research subjects were 18 years old, female, and had good self-perceived halitosis when using masks. The majority of research subjects had good oral health behavior. The results of this study showed that there was no difference between subjects with poor self-perceived and good self-perceived subjects regarding behavior in maintaining oral health, p> 0.05.
Conclusion: There is no relationship between self-perceived halitosis related to the use of masks and the behavior of maintaining dental and oral health.
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Disseminated Tuberculosis in Breastfeeding Mother: A Case Report
Views: 762Downloads: 414Background: Disseminated tuberculosis is defined as the involvement of two or more extrapulmonary organs due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, which spreads hematogenously. Disseminated tuberculosis is a life-threatening condition, especially if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. This study aimed to describe disseminated tuberculosis in a breastfeeding mother.
Case presentation: A 21-year-old woman was admitted to Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital with chief complaints of shortness of breath. The symptoms were accompanied by chronic cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. From the physical examination, there was a decrease in left lung breath sounds as high as right intercostal V. On the gene expert results, the PCR was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chest X-ray shows a miliary pattern and left pleural effusion. Pleural fluid analysis reveals the presence of exudate. Patients were treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs, namely Isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, with pyridoxine. Anti-tuberculosis drug therapy in the intensive phase is given for 2 months and is continued for 6-9 months for the continuation phase, depending on the patient's clinical condition. Breastfeeding was still continued in this case. The patient's baby is advised to be evaluated for active tuberculosis.
Conclusion: There are no contraindications for giving anti-TB drugs to breastfeeding mothers unless the mother has mammary TB or drug-resistant TB. In children under 5 years who have close contact with active tuberculosis patients and, after being evaluated, do not have active tuberculosis, the child is treated as suspected latent TB infection with Isoniazid for at least 6 months and accompanied by pyridoxine administration.
