Accreditation
SINTA 2Nationally Accredited Journal
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Articles
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Characteristics Of Patient With Foreign Body Ingestion In Palembang
Views: 1,422Downloads: 809Introduction. Foreign body ingestion is a common diagnosis that presents in emergency departments—coins as the oesophagal foreign body most commonly found in infants and children. Coins retained in the oesophagus require intervention to prevent complications. This study aimed to determine oesophagal coin foreign body patient's characteristic at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang.
Method. This study design was retrospective descriptive. Samples were all patient diagnosed with oesophagal coin foreign bodies which underwent Extraction with esophagoscopy guidance that was performed at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang during January 2013 – August 2017.
Result. Forty-three patients had diagnosed with oesophageal coin foreign bodies consist of 22 males and 21 females. The most frequent age was 4fouryears old. The most presenting symptoms are Globus sensation on the throat (79%) and odynophagia (51,1%). Radiologist confirmation was done in every patient with foreign coin bodies in oesophagus. All patients underwent oesophagoscopy. 65,1% of cases of foreign coin bodies were found in the second constriction of throat. Duration of stay in hospital was the range from 1- 4 days, with the most frequent, was two days. There was no complication found in all patients.
Conclusion. Oesophagal coin foreign body is most commonly ingested in children. The most presenting symptom is globus sensation on the throat. There is no complication found in this study.
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Assessment of the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Mean Platelet Volume in Pregnancy
Views: 1,206Downloads: 723AbstractIntroduction: Hypertension in pregnancy is a common complication that affects maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Comprehensive handling is needed to overcome the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy so that it does not get worse. The use of inflammatory markers is widely used as a predictor of the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy, especially preeclampsia. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) values are believed to predict the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy.
Aim of study: The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of both the NLR and MPV values to predict the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy.
Methods: This research is an analytic observational study using secondary data from medical records. The data were taken from the Cimacan Regional Hospital from January to December 2019. The variables were then tested statistically to see the difference in the mean. If there are significant results, the predictor's ability will be tested again with the ROC curve test.
Results: The results of statistical tests between the normotensive pregnancy group and pregnancy with hypertension showed that the mean difference was significant in the NLR variable with P-value of 0.004 and MPV with a P-value of 0.005. Then the NLR and MPV values were tested again by the ROC Curve method. The AUC results on the NLR variable (AUC: 0.562 / p-value: 0.022) and MPV (AUC: 0.560 / p-value: 0.022).
Conclusion: Although NLR and MPV had differences mean between the two groups, their ability to predict pregnancy with hypertension was very low.
Keywords: Pregnancy; Hypertension; Preeclampsia; NLR; MPV.
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Efficacy of Alpha Lipoic Acid Supplementation In Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Views: 8,662Downloads: 1,308Background. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a side effect of several chemotherapy drugs and a significant cause of chronic pain in cancer patients, which affects patients' long-term quality of life. The neurotoxic chemotherapy agents most reported to cause neuropathic pains are platinum and taxane. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation in chemotherapy patients.
Methods. This study used a randomized, double-blind clinical trial in the oncology haematology clinic in the Department of Internal Medicine at Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang from November 2018 to July 2019. Samples were taken from patients who met the inclusion criteria and signed informed consent forms to join the study. This studyused SPSS version 22.0 for Windows to analyze the data.
Results. This research studied 30 subjects who were divided into alpha lipoic acid groups and placebo groups with 15 samples each. The alpha-lipoic acid group showed a significant decline in the Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS) after treatment (p = 0.000) compared to the placebo group (p = 0.164).
Conclusions. Treatment with a 600 mg single dose each day of alpha-lipoic acid for 12 weeks effectively improved patients condition significantly.
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Characteristic of Bacterias And Antibiotic Sensitivity of Blood Culture in Sepsis
Views: 1,324Downloads: 681Introduction: Sepsis is a group of symptoms caused by infection, characterized by organ dysfunction due to compromised hosts response to infection hence may lead to a life-threatening condition. One of the treatments for sepsis stated in one hour-bundle is the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics before the culture results obtained. Improper use of antibiotics may lead to antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to describe the microbes pattern and their sensitivity to antibiotics in patients with sepsis at Muhammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, to contribute to a useful treatment guideline and to provide a reference for further research.
Methods: This study was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design using medical record of patients diagnosed with sepsis whose blood culture results were positive. This study was conducted at Muhammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, from January 2017 to December 2018. The data was processed and analyzed by univariate analysis using the SPSS 21.0 computer program.
Results: The study subjects were predominantly children with Gram-positive bacteria (24.6%) as the most common cause. The most common bacteria observed were Staphylococcus epidermidis (35.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (27.3%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (24%), and Staphylococcus hominis (21.4%). Linezolid (100%), nitrofurantoin (100%), and quinupristin/dalfopristin (100%) were found to be sensitive to gram-positive bacteria.
Conclusion: Gram-positive bacteria were the most common cause of sepsis in Muhammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang. The bacteria were sensitive to linezolid, nitrofurantoin, and quinupristin/ dalfopristin.
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Critical Congenital Heart Disease in Newborn: Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Management
Views: 5,315Downloads: 4,872Critical congenital heart disease (CHD) is a type of CHD that requires early intervention in the first year of life to survive. Morbidity and mortality increases significantly if newborns with critical CHD experience delay in the initial diagnosis and management. The infants may develop cyanosis, systemic hypoperfusion, or respiratory distress as the main manifestations of critical CHD. Pulse oximetry screening for early detection of critical CHD must be performed in newborns after 24 hours of age or before discharge from hospital. Generally, infants with critical CHD require patency of the ductus arteriosus with infusion of prostaglandin to maintain pulmonary or systemic blood flow. After initial management, the infants must be immediately referred to tertiary care center for definitive intervention.
Keywords: congenital heart disease, duct-dependent circulation, ductus arteriosus, prostaglandin
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The Role of Self Stigma towards Psychological Well-Being in Leprosy Patient
Views: 1,103Downloads: 473Introduction. This study aims to determine the role of self-stigma towards
psychological well-being to the people who have had leprosy in South Sumatera. The
study hypothesis that there is a role for self-stigma towards psychological well-being
viewed from psychological distress in people who have had leprosy in South
Sumatera. Methods. The participants of this study were people who have had
leprosy who finished their medical treatment. The research sample was 112 people
who have had leprosy. This study used the consecutive sampling technique.
Psychological well-being and self-stigma were measured by the scale. The research
used simple regression analysis. Results. The result obtained by the value of R=
0.442, R square= 0.178, F= 11.821, and P= 0,000 (p<0,05). It was proved that self-
stigma has a significant role in 17.8% towards psychological well-being. Conclusion.
There is no difference in psychological distress based on the role of self-stigma and
psychological well-being of people who have had leprosy in South Sumatera. -
Treatment of Infantile Hemangioma
Views: 1,273Downloads: 944Infantile hemangioma represents the most common benign tumour arising in
infancy. The natural history of infantile hemangioma is characterized by a
proliferative phase during the first few months of life, followed by slower involution
over the years. Evolution of infantile hemangioma has four stages, contain nascent,
proliferation, involution, and involuted. Most infantile hemangioma do not require
active treatment and involute without leaving significant residual. However, some
infantile hemangioma is problematic due to complications such as ulceration,
interference with a vital function, or potential disfigurement. The management
approach for IH contains active non-intervention and active intervention. The
decision of treatment is based on many factors, including size and location,
psychosocial implication, risks and benefits of the proposed therapy. Early
recognition of infantile hemangioma is essential for optimal management and
preventing complication. -
Comparison of Chest X-Ray Assessment in Multi-Drug Resistance to Drug- Sensitive Tuberculosis Patients
Views: 1,107Downloads: 430Introduction. Indonesia ranks third in tuberculosis cases, with 23,000 new dual
drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. The delay in predicting tuberculosis resistance
occurs because sputum tools are not yet available. This study aimed to determine
the differences in chest x-rays for drug-sensitive multiple drug-resistant
tuberculosis in Palembang. Method. A case-control design to compare the
radiological characteristics of multiple drug resistance with drug-sensitive at
Palembang during January-July 2020. One hundred thirty-eight patients consisted
of cases of drug-sensitive tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis based
on the rapid molecular test that met the inclusion criteria, analyzed for
posteroanterior chest X-rays by a radiologist without knowing the diagnosis—
comparative chi-square using SPSS 22. Result. Multidrug resistance tuberculosis
had more extensive or moderate lesions than drug-sensitive tuberculosis 89.8% vs
72.4%. The multidrug-resistant group has more infiltrate detected, namely 84.1% vs
69.6% and cavity 37.6% vs 30.4%. Atelectasis and pleural effusion are common in
drug-resistant tuberculosis. Bivariate analysis showed that multidrug-resistant
tuberculosis lesion infiltrates compared to drug-sensitive tuberculosis with p =
0.025; OR 2,6 (CI 95% 1,1-6,0) sensitivity 85.5%, specificity 30.4%. Multivariate
analysis showed the presence of infiltrates p = 0.028; OR 2.58 (CI 95% 1.1-6.003).
Consolidation, nodules, cavities, fibrosis, atelectasis, pleural effusion were not
significant differences in the two groups. Conclusion. Multidrug-resistant
tuberculosis has a more expansive lesion, the presence of infiltrates and cavities that
is more dominant than drug-sensitive tuberculosis. -
The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Increase in CD4 count of HIV/AIDS Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy
Views: 1,721Downloads: 11,776Introduction. Vitamin D plays a role in health overall, but hypovitaminosis D still
occurs throughout the world. HIV/AIDS patients are prone to suffer from
hypovitaminosis D because of the infection itself and the side effects of antiretroviral
therapy. Various effort have been tried to improve the immune status of HIV/AIDS
patients, one of them is by adding vitamin D. Vitamin D acts as an antiinflammatory
so that it can prevent apoptosis of CD4 T cells and increase CD4 cell count.
Methods. This is a randomized control trial add on a study that aims to determine
the effect of vitamin D to increase in CD4 counts of HIV / AIDS patients who have
received antiretroviral drugs. Subjects were HIV / AIDS patients who had received
antiretroviral drugs. A total of 20 subjects were divided randomly into two groups;
one group received vitamin D (calcitriol 0.5 mcg per day) for eight weeks, and the
other group that received a placebo. Each group was measured of CD4 cell count
before and after treatment. Results. There was a significant increase in the CD4 cell
count of the vitamin D group (p = 0.046), but not in the CD4 cell count of both
groups (p = 0.985). The comparison of mean CD4 cell counts between groups before
treatment was not significantly different (p = 0.057), but after treatment, it became
significantly different (p = 0.040). Conclusion. Vitamin D has been successful in
increasing CD4 cell count in the vitamin D group, and it is recommended to give
HIV / AIDS patients to increase CD4 cell count. -
Methods of Selection and Maintenance of Experimental Animals for Biomedical Research
Views: 1,260Downloads: 1,271A B S T R A C T
Research is an activity carried out based on scientific principles and methods
systematically to obtain information, data, and information from related
subjects, with understanding the theory and proving assumptions and / or
hypotheses. The results obtained are conclusions that can be applied or
become additional knowledge for the progress of science. However, research
activities must still respect the rights and dignity of research subjects.
Health research includes biomedical, epidemiological, social, and behavioral
research. Some health research can be done in vitro, using mathematical
models, or computer simulations. If the research results are to be used for
humans, further research is needed using living materials (in vivo) such as
cell lines and tissue cultures. However, to observe, study, and conclude all
occurrences in living things as a whole, experimental animals are needed
because experimental animals have a value for each part of the body and
there are interactions between these body parts. -
Polymorphism of the Klotho G-395a Gene Promoter with the Incidence of Preeclampsia
Views: 1,172Downloads: 449A B S T R A C T
Introduction. Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal
morbidity and mortality and is still a disease of theory. Klotho is a new gene, in
several biological processes in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia that play a role
in regulating endothelial nitric oxide production, angiogenesis, production of
antioxidant enzymes and protection against endothelial dysfunction. The Klotho G-
395A genotype AA promoter polymorphism is the cause of hypertension. This study
aims to determine the relationship of the Klotho G-395A promoter polymorphism to
the incidence of preeclampsia. Methods. This study is an analytical study with a
case-control design. The research was conducted at Pembina community health
centre of Palembang and the public hospital of Prabumulih in February - July 2020
and involving 50 case group and 50 control group. To determine the genotype and
allotype of the Klotho G-395A gene promoter polymorphism, using polymerase chain
reaction examination. Result. The results showed that the risk factors for maternal
age and maternal gestational age had a significant relationship with the incidence of
preeclampsia (p-value 0.015; p-value 0.000). There was a significant relationship
between the Klotho G-395A genotype GA + AA promoter polymorphism and the
incidence of preeclampsia (p-value 0.024; OR = 2.571; 95% CI = 1.122-5.895), while
allotypes in the study sample also had a significant relationship with the incidence
of preeclampsia. preeclampsia (p-value 0.025; OR = 1.978; 95% CI = 1.087-3.599).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the Klotho G-395A gene
promoter polymorphism and the incidence of preeclampsia. -
The Effect of Meniran Herbs Extract (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) on The Histological Spectrum of The Uterus and Oviduct Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)
Views: 1,258Downloads: 683Background The use of plants as natural medicinal ingredients is
increasingly in demand by the public because the plants are considered
to have lower negative effects than chemical drugs. The effect of mineran
herbs extract (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) on the histological spectrum of the
uterus and oviduct rat (Rattus Norvegicus) had been studied.Aim of
Study Aim of this study to explore the effect of meniran herbs extract
(Phyllanthus niruri Linn) on the histological spectrum of the uterus and
oviduct rat (Rattus Norvegicus) Methods Wistar rats have been challenged
with 2% NaCl in drinking water to result in fibrotic uterus and oviduct.
Phyllanthus niruri extract (200 mg/Kg) turned into given orally for 4
weeks. Matrix extracellular abundance turned into decided via way of
means of HE Staining and measured via way of means of METAVIR
Fibrosis Score. The result of this examine have been assayed via way of
means of SPSS 16. Results P. niruri extract was potent to reduce the
matrix extracellular in 2% NaCl-induced rats compared to control group
(p<0.05) in uterus. Meanwhile, P. niruri extract was not able to decrease
the matrix extracellular in 2% NaCl-induced rats compared to control
group (p>0.05) in oviduct. Conclusion P. niruri extract was potent to
decrease the matrix extracellular in the uterus of the rats, but in oviduct.
